Geoffroy Marie-Claude, Côté Sylvana M, Borge Anne I H, Larouche Frank, Séguin Jean R, Rutter Michael
Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Canada.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2007 May;48(5):490-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01704.x.
Studies have suggested that nonmaternal care (NMC) may either carry risks or be beneficial for children's language development. However, few tested the possibility that NMC may be more or less protective for children with different family backgrounds. This study investigates the role of the family environment, as reflected in the socioeconomic status (SES), in the association between NMC in the first year of life and children's receptive language skills prior to school entry.
A representative sample of 2,297 Canadian children aged between 0 and 11 months at their first assessment was followed over 4 years. Receptive language skills were assessed with the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test Revised (PPVT-R) when the child was 4 to 5 years old.
After controlling for selection factors, SES was found to moderate the association between NMC and receptive language skills: Full-time NMC in the first year of life was associated with higher PPVT-R scores among children from low SES families (d = .58), but not among children from adequate SES families.
Full-time NMC in infancy may contribute to reducing the cognitive inequalities between children of low and adequate SES.
研究表明，非母亲照料（NMC）可能对儿童语言发展有风险或有益。然而，很少有人测试NMC对不同家庭背景儿童的保护作用或多或少的可能性。本研究调查了社会经济地位（SES）所反映的家庭环境在生命第一年的NMC与儿童入学前接受性语言技能之间的关联中所起的作用。
对2297名首次评估时年龄在0至11个月之间的加拿大儿童进行了4年的跟踪调查，作为代表性样本。当孩子4至5岁时，用修订版皮博迪图片词汇测验（PPVT-R）评估其接受性语言技能。
在控制了选择因素后，发现SES调节了NMC与接受性语言技能之间的关联：生命第一年的全日制NMC与低SES家庭儿童的较高PPVT-R分数相关（d = 0.58），但与SES充足家庭的儿童无关。
婴儿期的全日制NMC可能有助于减少低SES和SES充足儿童之间的认知不平等。
