Kirk Alison, De Feo Pierpaolo
Institute of Sport and Exercise, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland DD1 4HN, United Kingdom.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2007 Jun;32(3):549-56. doi: 10.1139/H07-023.
The evidence that physical activity is an effective therapeutic tool in the management of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes is well documented. Limited research has addressed how best to promote and maintain physical activity in these individuals. This paper explores strategies to enhance compliance to physical activity for patients with insulin resistance. Several evidence-based guidelines and reviews recommend that physical activity interventions are based on a valid theoretical framework. However, there is no evidence-based consensus on the best theory or the combination of theories to use. Motivational tools such as pedometers, wearable sensors measuring energy expenditure, and point of choice prompts appear to be effective at stimulating short-term substantial increases in physical activity, but further strategies to maintain physical activity behaviour change are required. Physical activity consultation has demonstrated effective physical activity promotion over periods of up to 2 years in people with type 2 diabetes. Future research should identify the longer term effects of this intervention and the effectiveness of different methods of delivery. Overall, there needs to be a lot more focus on this area of research. Without this, the abundance of research investigating the effects of physical activity on people with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes is essentially redundant.
体育活动是管理胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病的有效治疗手段，这一证据已有充分记录。关于如何在这些个体中最好地促进和维持体育活动的研究有限。本文探讨了提高胰岛素抵抗患者体育活动依从性的策略。一些基于证据的指南和综述建议，体育活动干预应基于有效的理论框架。然而，对于最佳理论或理论组合，尚无基于证据的共识。诸如计步器、测量能量消耗的可穿戴传感器以及选择点提示等激励工具，似乎能有效刺激体育活动短期内大幅增加，但还需要进一步的策略来维持体育活动行为的改变。体育活动咨询已证明，在长达两年的时间里，对2型糖尿病患者有效促进了体育活动。未来的研究应确定这种干预的长期效果以及不同实施方法的有效性。总体而言，这一研究领域需要更多关注。否则，大量研究体育活动对胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病患者影响的研究基本上是多余的。
