Hu Gang, Lakka Timo A, Kilpeläinen Tuomas O, Tuomilehto Jaakko
Diabetes Unit, Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, National Public Health Institute, Mannerheimintie 166, FIN-00300 Helsinki, Finland.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2007 Jun;32(3):583-95. doi: 10.1139/H07-030.
Type 2 diabetes is one of the fastest growing public health problems in both developed and developing countries. It is estimated that the number of people with diabetes in the world will double in coming years, from 171 million in 2000 to 366 million in 2030. Cardiovascular disease accounts for more than 70% of total mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes. The associations of physical activity, physical fitness, and changes in the lifestyle with the risk of type 2 diabetes have been assessed by a number of prospective studies and clinical trials in the past decade. Several studies have also evaluated the joint associations of physical activity, body mass index, and glucose levels with the risk of type 2 diabetes. Prospective studies and clinical trials have shown that moderate or high levels of physical activity or physical fitness and changes in the lifestyle (dietary modification and increase in physical activity) can prevent type 2 diabetes. Our review of the scientific evidence confirms that 30 min/d of moderate- or high-level physical activity is an effective and safe way to prevent type 2 diabetes in all populations.
2型糖尿病是发达国家和发展中国家增长最快的公共卫生问题之一。据估计，未来几年全球糖尿病患者人数将翻番，从2000年的1.71亿增至2030年的3.66亿。心血管疾病占2型糖尿病患者总死亡率的70%以上。在过去十年中，一些前瞻性研究和临床试验对体育活动、身体素质以及生活方式的改变与2型糖尿病风险之间的关联进行了评估。多项研究还评估了体育活动、体重指数和血糖水平与2型糖尿病风险的联合关联。前瞻性研究和临床试验表明，中等或高水平的体育活动或身体素质以及生活方式的改变（饮食调整和增加体育活动）可预防2型糖尿病。我们对科学证据的综述证实，每天30分钟的中等或高水平体育活动是预防所有人群患2型糖尿病的有效且安全的方法。
