Kreger Mary, Brindis Claire D, Manuel Diane M, Sassoubre Lauren
Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.
Am J Community Psychol. 2007 Jun;39(3-4):301-20. doi: 10.1007/s10464-007-9108-1.
Measuring progress toward systems change, sustainable efforts that address root causes of an issue by changing policies and practices, is a difficult task for communities, evaluators, and foundations. Tracking and documenting changes in resources, power, policy, sustainable funding, structured relationships and roles, and underlying values require multi-level analyses. Systems change analysts must consider at least four "strata" at once: (1) events and trends, (2) patterns of interaction, (3) context and cultural or social models, and (4) the systems themselves. In this paper we provide a brief overview of systems change; a discussion of collaboratives as one "engine" of social change; a discussion of benchmarks and indicators of collaboratives focused on systems change; and suggestions for further research. The analysis draws upon several analytic frameworks described in the literature. We illustrate these concepts with examples from six systems change initiatives funded by The California Endowment. The need for further research is outlined.
衡量在系统变革方面取得的进展是一项艰巨的任务，对于社区、评估人员和基金会来说都是如此。系统变革是指通过改变政策和实践来解决问题根源的可持续努力。跟踪和记录资源、权力、政策、可持续资金、结构化关系和角色以及潜在价值观的变化需要多层次分析。系统变革分析师必须同时考虑至少四个“层次”：（1）事件和趋势，（2）互动模式，（3）背景和文化或社会模式，以及（4）系统本身。在本文中，我们简要概述了系统变革；讨论了合作作为社会变革的一个“引擎”；讨论了专注于系统变革的合作的基准和指标；并提出了进一步研究的建议。该分析借鉴了文献中描述的几个分析框架。我们用加利福尼亚捐赠基金资助的六个系统变革倡议的例子来说明这些概念。概述了进一步研究的必要性。
