Hay Phillip, Czeizel Andrew E
Department of Genitourinary Medicine, St George's Hospital, Blackshaw Road, London SW17 0QT, UK.
Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2007 Jun;21(3):403-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2007.02.002. Epub 2007 May 18.
Trichomonas vaginalis is a sexually transmitted surface pathogen of the lower urogenital tract, and may be associated with asymptomatic vaginal colonization or intensely symptomatic vaginitis. In pregnancy it is associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery. However, a randomized trial of treatment of asymptomatic trichomonas colonization in pregnancy showed an increase in the risk of preterm delivery in treated women. The reasons for this paradox are yet to be fully elucidated. Candida species, on the other hand, may be present--usually in the yeast form--in the vaginal flora of up to 40% of healthy pregnant women. Although candidiasis is not usually associated with chorioamnionitis or preterm delivery, there is some emerging evidence to suggest that screening for and eradication of candida during pregnancy may reduce the risk of preterm delivery. This chapter reviews the impact of these common vaginal infections on pregnancy outcome and appraises the recent evidence on the role of treatment during pregnancy.
阴道毛滴虫是一种经性传播的下泌尿生殖道表面病原体，可能与无症状阴道定植或症状严重的阴道炎有关。在妊娠期，它与早产风险增加相关。然而，一项关于妊娠期无症状阴道毛滴虫定植治疗的随机试验显示，接受治疗的女性早产风险增加。这一矛盾现象的原因尚未完全阐明。另一方面，念珠菌属——通常以酵母形式存在——可能在高达40%的健康孕妇阴道菌群中出现。尽管念珠菌病通常与绒毛膜羊膜炎或早产无关，但有一些新出现的证据表明，孕期筛查和根除念珠菌可能会降低早产风险。本章回顾了这些常见阴道感染对妊娠结局的影响，并评估了近期关于孕期治疗作用的证据。
