Marret Stéphane, Doyle Lex W, Crowther Caroline A, Middleton Philippa
Department of Neonatal Medicine, University Hospital, 1, rue de Germont, 76031, Rouen Cedex, France.
Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2007 Aug;12(4):311-7. doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2007.04.001. Epub 2007 May 21.
Very preterm infants have high rates of neurological impairments and disabilities. These rates have not diminished as the survival rates have improved. Basic science research suggests that magnesium sulphate before birth can be neuroprotective for the preterm fetus. Some, but not all, observational studies in humans also suggest a protective effect of antenatal magnesium sulphate on cerebral palsy. Four randomised controlled trials of antenatal magnesium sulphate have reported long-term neurological effects in surviving infants, but only one of these was designed specifically to evaluate the long-term effects of treatment. These studies found that, overall, antenatal magnesium sulphate therapy had no significant effect on paediatric mortality or neurological outcomes in the first few years of life, including cerebral palsy, but it was found to lower the rate of motor problems at 2 years of age in one study. The role for antenatal magnesium sulphate therapy as a neuroprotective agent for the preterm fetus is not yet established.
极早产儿神经损伤和残疾的发生率很高。随着存活率的提高，这些发生率并未降低。基础科学研究表明，产前使用硫酸镁对早产胎儿具有神经保护作用。一些（但并非全部）人体观察性研究也表明，产前硫酸镁对脑瘫有保护作用。四项关于产前硫酸镁的随机对照试验报告了存活婴儿的长期神经影响，但其中只有一项是专门设计用于评估治疗的长期效果。这些研究发现，总体而言，产前硫酸镁治疗对儿童死亡率或生命最初几年的神经结局（包括脑瘫）没有显著影响，但在一项研究中发现，它能降低2岁时运动问题的发生率。产前硫酸镁治疗作为早产胎儿神经保护剂的作用尚未确立。
