Kurth B-M, Schaffrath Rosario A
Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, BRD.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2007 May-Jun;50(5-6):736-43. doi: 10.1007/s00103-007-0235-5.
Overweight and obesity are an increasing problem: worldwide, for Germany and for children and adolescents. Until now there have been no representative and age-specific assessments of the prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents in Germany. Thus, the standardised height and weight measurements gathered in the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) have, for the first time, provided national, representative data about overweight and obesity in young people. The terms 'overweight' and 'obese' are defined based on percentiles of the body mass index (BMI) of the Kromeyer-Hauschild reference system. Of children and adolescents between the ages of 3 and 17, 15% exceed the 90th BMI percentile of the reference data and are thus overweight, 6.3% exceed the 97th BMI percentile and thus suffer from obesity by this definition. The proportion of overweight rises from 9% of 3-6-year-olds to 15% of 7-10-year-olds and 17% of 14-17-year-olds. The prevalence of obesity is 2.9%, 6.4% and 8.5% for the same age groups respectively. No clear differences between boys and girls or between East and West Germany are detected. Children are at a higher risk of being overweight or obese if they have a lower socioeconomic status, have a migration background, or have mothers who are also overweight.
在全球范围内如此，在德国以及儿童和青少年群体中亦是如此。到目前为止，德国尚未对儿童和青少年肥胖患病率进行具有代表性且针对特定年龄段的评估。因此，德国儿童和青少年健康访谈与检查调查（KiGGS）收集的标准化身高和体重测量数据首次提供了关于年轻人超重和肥胖的全国性代表性数据。“超重”和“肥胖”这两个术语是根据克罗迈尔 - 豪施尔德参考系统的体重指数（BMI）百分位数来定义的。在3至17岁的儿童和青少年中，15%的人超过了参考数据的BMI第90百分位数，因此属于超重；6.3%的人超过了BMI第97百分位数，根据此定义患有肥胖症。超重比例从3至6岁儿童的9%上升到7至10岁儿童的15%以及14至17岁青少年的17%。同一年龄组的肥胖患病率分别为2.9%、6.4%和8.5%。未发现男孩和女孩之间或东德和西德之间存在明显差异。如果儿童社会经济地位较低、有移民背景或其母亲也超重，那么他们超重或肥胖的风险就更高。
