Baker Laura A, Jacobson Kristen C, Raine Adrian, Lozano Dora Isabel, Bezdjian Serena
Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1061, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2007 May;116(2):219-35. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.116.2.219.
Genetic and environmental influences on childhood antisocial and aggressive behavior (ASB) during childhood were examined in 9- to 10-year-old twins, using a multi-informant approach. The sample (605 families of twins or triplets) was socioeconomically and ethnically diverse, representative of the culturally diverse urban population in Southern California. Measures of ASB included symptom counts for conduct disorder, ratings of aggression, delinquency, and psychopathic traits obtained through child self-reports, teacher, and caregiver ratings. Multivariate analysis revealed a common ASB factor across informants that was strongly heritable (heritability was .96), highlighting the importance of a broad, general measure obtained from multiple sources as a plausible construct for future investigations of specific genetic mechanisms in ASB. The best fitting multivariate model required informant-specific genetic, environmental, and rater effects for variation in observed ASB measures. The results suggest that parents, children, and teachers have only a partly "shared view" and that the additional factors that influence the "rater-specific" view of the child's antisocial behavior vary for different informants. This is the first study to demonstrate strong heritable effects on ASB in ethnically and economically diverse samples.
采用多信息源方法,对9至10岁双胞胎儿童期的反社会和攻击性行为(ASB)的遗传和环境影响进行了研究。样本(605对双胞胎或三胞胎家庭)在社会经济和种族方面具有多样性,代表了南加州文化多元的城市人口。ASB的测量指标包括品行障碍的症状计数、通过儿童自我报告、教师和照顾者评级获得的攻击性、犯罪行为和精神病态特征的评分。多变量分析揭示了跨信息源的一个共同的ASB因子,该因子具有很强的遗传性(遗传率为0.96),突出了从多个来源获得的广泛、通用测量指标作为未来ASB特定遗传机制研究的合理构建的重要性。最佳拟合多变量模型需要信息源特异性的遗传、环境和评分者效应来解释观察到的ASB测量指标的变异。结果表明,父母、孩子和教师只有部分“共同观点”,并且影响孩子反社会行为“评分者特异性”观点的其他因素因不同信息源而异。这是第一项在种族和经济多样的样本中证明对ASB有强烈遗传效应的研究。