Munson Benjamin
Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
Lang Speech. 2007;50(Pt 1):125-42. doi: 10.1177/00238309070500010601.
Previous studies have shown that a subset of gay, lesbian, and bisexual (GLB) and heterosexual adults produce distinctive patterns of phonetic variation that allow listeners to detect their sexual orientation from audio-only samples of read speech. The current investigation examined the extent to which judgments of sexual orientation from speech are related to judgments of masculinity or femininity made by an independent group of listeners. It also examined the acoustic measures that predict perceived sexual orientation and perceived masculinity/femininity. Ten listeners judged the perceived masculinity or femininity of 44 talkers (11 heterosexual men, 11 heterosexual women, 11 gay men, and 11 lesbian or bisexual women). These were compared to measures of the talkers' perceived sexual orientation, and to acoustic measures of the talker's speech. Listeners judged gay men to sound less masculine than heterosexual men, and lesbian/bisexual women to sound less feminine than heterosexual women. These measures were significantly correlated with measures of perceived sexual orientation. Regression analyses showed that different sets of acoustic measures predicated perceived sexual orientation and perceived masculinity/femininity, and that some acoustic measures were more strongly correlated with one perceptual measure than the other. Results suggest that perceived sexual orientation, perceived masculinity, and perceived femininity are distinct but correlated perceptual parameters.
以往的研究表明，男同性恋、女同性恋和双性恋（GLB）以及异性恋成年人中的一部分会产生独特的语音变化模式，使得听众能够从仅包含朗读语音的音频样本中辨别出他们的性取向。当前的调查研究了基于语音做出的性取向判断与另一组独立听众做出的男性气质或女性气质判断之间的关联程度。该研究还考察了能够预测感知到的性取向以及感知到的男性气质/女性气质的声学指标。十名听众对44名说话者（11名异性恋男性、11名异性恋女性、11名男同性恋者以及11名女同性恋或双性恋女性）的感知到的男性气质或女性气质进行了评判。将这些评判结果与说话者感知到的性取向指标以及说话者语音的声学指标进行了比较。听众评判男同性恋者听起来比异性恋男性更缺乏男性气质，女同性恋/双性恋女性听起来比异性恋女性更缺乏女性气质。这些指标与感知到的性取向指标显著相关。回归分析表明，不同组的声学指标能够预测感知到的性取向以及感知到的男性气质/女性气质，并且某些声学指标与一种感知指标的相关性比与另一种感知指标的相关性更强。结果表明，感知到的性取向、感知到的男性气质和感知到的女性气质是不同但相关的感知参数。
