性别不一致和少数群体压力在女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋个体中的表现:一项元分析综述。

Gender Nonconformity and Minority Stress Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Individuals: A Meta-Analytic Review.

机构信息

Department of Psychiatry.

Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine.

出版信息

Perspect Psychol Sci. 2021 Nov;16(6):1165-1183. doi: 10.1177/1745691620968766. Epub 2021 Mar 1.

Abstract

Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals are less healthy than heterosexual individuals, and minority stress endured by LGB individuals contributes to these health disparities. However, within-groups differences in minority stress experiences among LGB individuals remain underexplored. Individuals are more likely to be categorized as LGB if they exhibit gender nonconformity, so gender nonconformity could influence concealability of sexual orientation among LGB individuals, carrying important implications for the visibility of their stigmatized sexual orientation identity and for how they experience and cope with minority stress. Through a meta-analytic review, we examined how gender nonconformity was associated with minority stress experiences among LGB individuals. Thirty-seven eligible studies were identified and included in analyses. Results indicate gender nonconformity is associated with experiencing more prejudice events, less concealment of sexual orientation, lower internalized homonegativity, and higher expectations of rejection related to sexual orientation among LGB individuals. Gender nonconformity is more strongly associated with experiencing prejudice events among gay and bisexual men than among lesbian and bisexual women. Gender nonconformity is systematically associated with minority stress experiences among LGB individuals, and future research must measure and examine gender nonconformity when investigating the role of minority stress in degraded health outcomes among LGB populations.

摘要

女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋(LGB)个体的健康状况不如异性恋个体,LGB 个体承受的少数群体压力导致了这些健康差距。然而,LGB 个体内部在少数群体压力体验方面的差异仍未得到充分探索。如果个体表现出性别非规范,他们更有可能被归类为 LGB,因此性别非规范可能会影响 LGB 个体的性取向隐瞒程度,这对他们的污名化性取向身份的可见性以及他们如何体验和应对少数群体压力具有重要意义。通过元分析综述,我们考察了性别非规范与 LGB 个体的少数群体压力体验之间的关系。确定了 37 项符合条件的研究并纳入分析。结果表明,性别非规范与 LGB 个体经历更多的偏见事件、性取向隐瞒程度较低、内部同性恋消极态度较低以及与性取向相关的拒绝期望较高有关。性别非规范与男同性恋和双性恋男性经历偏见事件的相关性强于女同性恋和双性恋女性。性别非规范与 LGB 个体的少数群体压力体验系统相关,未来的研究在调查少数群体压力在 LGB 人群中对健康状况恶化的影响时,必须测量和检验性别非规范。

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