Jakobson Angela, Kikas Eve
Faculty of Education, University of Tartu, Estonia.
J Learn Disabil. 2007 May-Jun;40(3):194-202. doi: 10.1177/00222194070400030101.
This study attempted to determine whether children with the combined subtype of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have impairments in cognitive functioning and motor skills. The specific effect of the comorbidity of learning disabilities (LD) was also investigated. A battery of cognitive tests was administered to 26 children with a clinical diagnosis of ADHD-combined subtype (ADHD/C), to 24 children with ADHD/C with a comorbid diagnosis of LD (ADHD/C+LD), and to 102 participants without disabilities, all between ages 7 and 10. The testing battery consisted of tasks assessing memory, visuospatial and verbal abilities, and fine motor skills. In general, the test results of children with ADHD/C were poorer than those of the control group but better than the results of children with a combined ADHD/C+LD diagnosis (with the exception of motor skills). The predictive accuracy of the testing battery tasks in children with ADHD/C and ADHD/C+LD was examined. The results of a standard procedure of discriminant function analyses revealed that the measures correctly classified 73.6% of the children.
本研究试图确定注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）合并亚型的儿童在认知功能和运动技能方面是否存在损伤。同时还调查了学习障碍（LD）共病的具体影响。对26名临床诊断为ADHD合并亚型（ADHD/C）的儿童、24名患有ADHD/C且共病LD诊断（ADHD/C+LD）的儿童以及102名无障碍参与者进行了一系列认知测试，所有参与者年龄均在7至10岁之间。测试组包括评估记忆、视觉空间和语言能力以及精细运动技能的任务。总体而言，ADHD/C儿童的测试结果比对照组差，但比ADHD/C+LD合并诊断的儿童结果好（运动技能除外）。对ADHD/C和ADHD/C+LD儿童测试组任务的预测准确性进行了检查。判别函数分析标准程序的结果显示，这些测量方法正确分类了73.6%的儿童。
