Myyry Liisa, Helkama Klaus
Department of Social Psychology, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Scand J Psychol. 2007 Jun;48(3):247-59. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.2007.00579.x.
A new taxonomy of real-life dilemmas was tested in two studies. In Study 1, 35 respondents assessed six types of real-life dilemmas in terms of socio-cognitive conflict. Support was found for a classification of dilemmas into three levels of socio-cognitive conflict. In Study 2, 191 young women responded to measures of social perspective-taking and emotional empathy and reported a real-life moral dilemma as well as their feelings while making decisions about it. The dilemmas were classified into personal and impersonal and into three levels of socio-cognitive conflict. Dependent variables were the integrative complexity of the arguments and the reported feelings (sympathy, upset, and remorse). Dispositional empathy and perspective taking predicted level of socio-cognitive conflict and feelings of sympathy but not integrative complexity. Personal dilemmas aroused more feelings of upset than did impersonal ones. Low socio-cognitive conflict dilemmas evoked less complex thinking and less intensive feelings of upset and sympathy than did moderate and high socio-cognitive conflict dilemmas.
在两项研究中对一种新的现实生活困境分类法进行了测试。在研究1中，35名受访者根据社会认知冲突对六种现实生活困境进行了评估。研究发现，支持将困境分为三个社会认知冲突水平的分类。在研究2中，191名年轻女性对社会观点采择和情感同理心的测量做出了反应，并报告了一个现实生活中的道德困境以及她们在对此做出决定时的感受。这些困境被分为个人困境和非个人困境，并分为三个社会认知冲突水平。因变量是论点的综合复杂性以及报告的感受（同情、不安和悔恨）。特质同理心和观点采择预测了社会认知冲突水平和同情感受，但不能预测综合复杂性。个人困境比非个人困境引发了更多的不安情绪。与中等和高社会认知冲突困境相比，低社会认知冲突困境引发的思维复杂性较低，不安和同情感受也较弱。
