Carpenter Susan, O'Neill Luke A J
School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Cell Microbiol. 2007 Aug;9(8):1891-901. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.00965.x. Epub 2007 May 23.
The innate immune system is the primary line of defence against invading pathogenic microbes. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of membrane receptors which play a pivotal role in sensing a wide range of invading pathogens including bacteria, fungi and viruses. TLR-deficient mice have provided us with immense knowledge on the functioning of individual TLRs. Dysregulation of TLR signalling is linked with a number of disease conditions. Disease models have helped show that targeting components of TLR signalling cascades could lead to novel therapies in the treatment of infectious diseases. In this review we focus on the evidence provided to date to explain just how important TLRs are in host defence against microbial pathogens.
先天性免疫系统是抵御入侵病原微生物的第一道防线。Toll样受体（TLRs）是一类膜受体家族，在识别包括细菌、真菌和病毒在内的多种入侵病原体方面发挥着关键作用。TLR缺陷小鼠为我们提供了关于单个TLR功能的大量知识。TLR信号传导失调与多种疾病状况相关。疾病模型已有助于表明，靶向TLR信号级联反应的组成部分可能会带来治疗传染病的新疗法。在这篇综述中，我们聚焦于迄今所提供的证据，以解释TLRs在宿主抵御微生物病原体方面的重要程度。
