Basgül Alin, Akici Ahmet, Uzuner Arzu, Kalaça Sibel, Kavak Zehra N, Tural Alper, Oktay Sule
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Kappa Consultancy Research Training Ltd, Istanbul, Turkey.
Adv Ther. 2007 Jan-Feb;24(1):68-80. doi: 10.1007/BF02849994.
A limited number of studies have investigated in detail the use of drugs during pregnancy. Researchers in the present study investigated the details of drug utilization in pregnant women during the month before pregnancy, at the time that they became aware of the pregnancy, and during the first trimester. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 359 pregnant women who were admitted to the fetal medicine unit at a university hospital for diagnosis and follow-up. A questionnaire was used to document sociodemographic characteristics and details of drug use. Drugs were categorized according to the US Food and Drug Administration fetal risk classification. Mean maternal age was 29.9+/-5.1 y, and mean gestational age was 19.6+/-9.5 wk. Many of the pregnant women studied (46.6%) were university graduates, and most (61.9%) had a relatively high annual income. Mean gestational age when participants first learned of their pregnancy was 39.8+/-16.4 d. One hundred seventeen participants (32.6%) used drugs during the month before conception, 54 (15%) at the time when they learned of their pregnancy, 180 (50.1%) at the time of the interview, and 289 (80.5%) during the first trimester. The percentages of drugs in categories D and X used by these subjects were 14%, 13.5%, 2.9%, and 5.9%, respectively. Most of the drugs were hormones. The total rate of drug utilization was not high before and during the first trimester of pregnancy. A considerable number of women were using drugs from the D and X categories; however, these numbers decreased significantly when women learned of their pregnancies. Intake of folic acid, vitamins, and iron was very low during the preconception period and was not high enough during the first trimester; this suggests that particular attention should be paid to the use of beneficial "safe" drugs during the preconception and early pregnancy periods.
仅有少数研究详细调查了孕期用药情况。本研究的研究人员调查了孕妇在怀孕前一个月、意识到自己怀孕时以及孕早期的用药细节。对359名入住大学医院胎儿医学科进行诊断和随访的孕妇进行了面对面访谈。使用问卷记录社会人口学特征和用药细节。药物根据美国食品药品监督管理局的胎儿风险分类进行归类。产妇平均年龄为29.9±5.1岁，平均孕周为19.6±9.5周。许多参与研究的孕妇（46.6%）是大学毕业生，大多数（61.9%）年收入相对较高。参与者首次得知自己怀孕时的平均孕周为39.8±16.4天。117名参与者（32.6%）在受孕前一个月用药，54名（15%）在得知自己怀孕时用药，180名（50.1%）在访谈时用药，289名（80.5%）在孕早期用药。这些受试者使用的D类和X类药物的百分比分别为14%、13.5%、2.9%和5.9%。大多数药物是激素。怀孕前及孕早期的药物总使用率不高。相当多的女性使用D类和X类药物；然而，当女性得知自己怀孕后，这些数字显著下降。孕前叶酸、维生素和铁的摄入量非常低，孕早期也不够高；这表明在孕前和孕早期应特别关注有益“安全”药物的使用。
