Epke Effie M, Lawless Harry T
Department of food Science, New York State College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Physiol Behav. 2007 Oct 22;92(3):487-91. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.04.022. Epub 2007 Apr 24.
Iron and copper salts, when placed in the mouth, may give rise to odorous compounds which complicate their functioning as chemical stimuli. The contribution of retronasal smell to perception of these metal salts at threshold has not been determined. Detection thresholds of the sulfate and chloride salts of ferrous iron and copper, and sodium chloride (as a control) were determined using a modified forced-choice ascending method of limits, with and without nasal occlusion. Threshold values were calculated from geometric means of individual estimates, and from interpolation on logistic regression and percent correct plots. Nasal occlusion raised thresholds for iron salts and copper but not sodium. The geometric mean detection thresholds with the nose open were 30, 64, 7.8, and 8.2 microM for FeSO(4), FeCl(2), CuSO(4), CuCl(2), respectively but rose to 160, 227, 24.6 and 15.6 with the nose closed. Metal salts of both iron and copper create a retronasally perceived olfactory stimulus at low concentration levels, probably arising from lipid oxidation products generated in the mouth.
铁盐和铜盐置于口腔中时，可能会产生有气味的化合物，这会使它们作为化学刺激物的功能变得复杂。尚未确定鼻后嗅觉对这些金属盐阈值感知的贡献。使用改良的极限递增法强制选择，分别在有和没有鼻塞的情况下，测定了亚铁和铜的硫酸盐和氯化物盐以及氯化钠（作为对照）的检测阈值。阈值是根据个体估计的几何平均值以及逻辑回归和正确百分比图上的插值计算得出的。鼻塞会提高铁盐和铜盐的阈值，但不会提高钠盐的阈值。鼻子通畅时，FeSO(4)、FeCl(2)、CuSO(4)、CuCl(2)的几何平均检测阈值分别为30、64、7.8和8.2微摩尔，但鼻塞时分别升至160、227、24.6和15.6。铁和铜的金属盐在低浓度水平下会产生鼻后可感知的嗅觉刺激，这可能源于口腔中产生的脂质氧化产物。
