Domene Xavier, Alcañiz Josep M, Andrés Pilar
Center for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications (CREAF) and Unit of Ecology, Department of Animal and Plant Biology and Ecology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Edifici de Ciencies, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
Environ Pollut. 2008 Feb;151(3):549-58. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.04.007. Epub 2007 May 29.
Development of methodologies to assess the safety of reusing polluted organic wastes in soil is a priority in Europe. In this study, and coupled with chemical analysis, seven organic wastes were subjected to different aquatic and soil bioassays. Tests were carried out with solid-phase waste and three different waste eluates (water, methanol, and dichloromethane). Solid-phase assays were indicated as the most suitable for waste testing not only in terms of relevance for real situations, but also because toxicity in eluates was generally not representative of the chronic effects in solid-phase. No general correlations were found between toxicity and waste pollutant burden, neither in solid-phase nor in eluate assays, showing the inability of chemical methods to predict the ecotoxicological risks of wastes. On the contrary, several physicochemical parameters reflecting the degree of low organic matter stability in wastes were the main contributors to the acute toxicity seen in collembolans and daphnids.
开发评估在土壤中重复使用污染有机废物安全性的方法是欧洲的一个优先事项。在本研究中，结合化学分析，对七种有机废物进行了不同的水生和土壤生物测定。使用固相废物和三种不同的废物洗脱液（水、甲醇和二氯甲烷）进行了测试。固相测定被认为是最适合废物测试的方法，这不仅是因为其与实际情况的相关性，还因为洗脱液中的毒性通常不能代表固相中慢性影响。在固相和洗脱液测定中，均未发现毒性与废物污染物负荷之间存在普遍相关性，这表明化学方法无法预测废物的生态毒理学风险。相反，反映废物中低有机质稳定性程度的几个物理化学参数是导致弹尾虫和水蚤急性毒性的主要因素。
