Santos R G, Landeira-Fernandez J, Strassman R J, Motta V, Cruz A P M
Departamento de Processos Psicológicos Básicos, Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade de Brasília, Asa Norte, Brasília-DF 70910-900, Brazil.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2007 Jul 25;112(3):507-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.04.012. Epub 2007 Apr 25.
The use of the hallucinogenic brew ayahuasca, obtained from infusing the shredded stalk of the malpighiaceous plant Banisteriopsis caapi with the leaves of other plants such as Psychotria viridis, is growing in urban centers of Europe, South and North America in the last several decades. Despite this diffusion, little is known about its effects on emotional states. The present study investigated the effects of ayahuasca on psychometric measures of anxiety, panic-like and hopelessness in members of the Santo Daime, an ayahuasca-using religion. Standard questionnaires were used to evaluate state-anxiety (STAI-state), trait-anxiety (STAI-trait), panic-like (ASI-R) and hopelessness (BHS) in participants that ingested ayahuasca for at least 10 consecutive years. The study was done in the Santo Daime church, where the questionnaires were administered 1h after the ingestion of the brew, in a double-blind, placebo-controlled procedure. While under the acute effects of ayahuasca, participants scored lower on the scales for panic and hopelessness related states. Ayahuasca ingestion did not modify state- or trait-anxiety. The results are discussed in terms of the possible use of ayahuasca in alleviating signs of hopelessness and panic-like related symptoms.
在过去几十年里，从将马尔皮基科植物卡皮藤（Banisteriopsis caapi）的切碎茎杆与其他植物（如绿九节Psychotria viridis）的叶子混合浸泡制成的致幻饮料死藤水（ayahuasca），在欧洲、南北美洲的城市中心越来越流行。尽管这种饮料广泛传播，但人们对其对情绪状态的影响知之甚少。本研究调查了死藤水对使用死藤水的宗教团体圣灵降临会（Santo Daime）成员焦虑、惊恐样和绝望心理测量指标的影响。使用标准问卷对连续至少10年摄入死藤水的参与者的状态焦虑（STAI状态）、特质焦虑（STAI特质）、惊恐样（ASI-R）和绝望（BHS）进行评估。研究在圣灵降临会教堂进行，问卷在饮用饮料1小时后以双盲、安慰剂对照程序进行发放。在死藤水的急性作用下，参与者在与惊恐和绝望相关状态的量表上得分较低。摄入死藤水并未改变状态焦虑或特质焦虑。将根据死藤水在缓解绝望和惊恐样相关症状方面的可能用途对结果进行讨论。
