Sharpless Katherine E, Thomas Jeanice Brown, Christopher Steven J, Greenberg Robert R, Sander Lane C, Schantz Michele M, Welch Michael J, Wise Stephen A
Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive Stop 8390, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8390, USA.
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2007 Sep;389(1):171-8. doi: 10.1007/s00216-007-1315-y. Epub 2007 May 30.
Well-characterized certified reference materials are needed by laboratories in the food testing, dietary supplement, and nutrition communities to facilitate compliance with labeling laws and improve the accuracy of information provided on product labels, so that consumers can make good choices. As a result of the enactment of the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990 and the Infant Formula Act of 1980, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) worked to develop a series of food-matrix standard reference materials (SRMs) characterized for nutrient concentrations. These include SRM 1544 Fatty Acids and Cholesterol in a Frozen Diet Composite, SRM 1546 Meat Homogenate, SRM 1548a Typical Diet, SRM 1566b Oyster Tissue, SRM 1846 Infant Formula, SRM 1946 Lake Superior Fish Tissue, SRM 1947 Lake Michigan Fish Tissue, SRM 2383 Baby Food Composite, SRM 2384 Baking Chocolate, SRM 2385 Slurried Spinach, and SRM 2387 Peanut Butter. With the enactment of the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994, NIST has been working to develop suites of dietary supplement SRMs characterized for active and marker compounds and for toxic elements and pesticides, where appropriate. An updated SRM 1588b Organics in Cod Liver Oil, a suite of ephedra-containing materials (SRMs 3240-3245), a carrot extract in oil (SRM 3276), and a suite of ginkgo-containing materials (SRMs 3246-3248) are available. Several other materials are currently in preparation. Dietary supplements are sometimes provided in forms that are food-like; for these, values may also be assigned for nutrients, for example SRM 3244 Ephedra-Containing Protein Powder. Both the food-matrix and dietary supplement reference materials are intended primarily for validation of analytical methods. They may also be used as "primary control materials" in assignment of values to in-house (secondary) control materials to confirm accuracy and to establish measurement traceability to NIST.
食品检测、膳食补充剂和营养领域的实验室需要特征明确的认证参考物质，以促进遵守标签法规并提高产品标签上所提供信息的准确性，从而使消费者能够做出明智的选择。由于1990年《营养标签与教育法》和1980年《婴儿配方奶粉法》的颁布，美国国家标准与技术研究院（NIST）致力于开发一系列针对营养成分浓度进行了特征描述的食品基质标准参考物质（SRM）。这些包括SRM 1544冷冻膳食组合中的脂肪酸和胆固醇、SRM 1546肉匀浆、SRM 1548a典型膳食、SRM 1566b牡蛎组织、SRM 1846婴儿配方奶粉、SRM 1946苏必利尔湖鱼类组织、SRM 1947密歇根湖鱼类组织、SRM 2383婴儿食品组合、SRM 2384烘焙巧克力、SRM 2385菠菜泥以及SRM 2387花生酱。随着1994年《膳食补充剂健康与教育法》的颁布，NIST一直致力于开发一系列针对膳食补充剂的SRM，对其中的活性和标记化合物以及适当情况下的有毒元素和农药进行特征描述。现已推出更新后的SRM 1588b鱼肝油中的有机物、一套含麻黄的物质（SRM 3240 - 3245）、油中的胡萝卜提取物（SRM 3276）以及一套含银杏的物质（SRM 3246 - 3248）。其他几种物质目前正在制备中。膳食补充剂有时以类似食品的形式提供；对于这些产品，也可能会给出营养成分的值，例如SRM 3244含麻黄蛋白粉。食品基质和膳食补充剂参考物质主要用于分析方法的验证。它们还可用作“一级对照物质”，用于为内部（二级）对照物质赋值，以确认准确性并建立与NIST的测量溯源性。
