Aznar-Lain S, Webster A L, Cañete S, San Juan A F, López Mojares L M, Pérez M, Lucia A, Chicharro J L
Facultad de Ciencias de Deporte, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.
Int J Sports Med. 2007 Dec;28(12):1025-9. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-965077. Epub 2007 May 29.
Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has been shown to improve exercise capacity in diseased populations. We chose to examine the effects of eight weeks of IMT on exercise capacity and spontaneous physical activity in elderly individuals. Eighteen moderately active elderly subjects (68.1 +/- 6.8 years [mean +/- SD]; range 58 - 78 years) were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n = 9) or a control group (n = 9) in a double-blind manner. All subjects underwent inspiratory muscle testing, treadmill exercise testing and a four-day measurement period of spontaneous physical activity (using accelerometry) both pre- and post-intervention. The experimental group underwent eight weeks of incremental IMT using a pressure threshold device, while the control group underwent sham training using identical devices. After IMT training, inspiratory muscle strength (mean + 21.5 cm H (2)O; 95 % CI: 9.3, 33.7; p = 0.002), V.O (2peak) (+ 2.8 ml x min (-1) x kg (-1); 95 % CI: 0.5, 5.2; p = 0.022), time to exhaustion during a fixed workload treadmill test (+ 7.1 min; 95 % CI: 1.8, 2.4; p = 0.013) and time engaged in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (+ 59 min; 95 % CI: 15, 78; p = 0.008) improved. Except for a decline in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, no significant changes were seen in the control group. Therefore, IMT may be a useful technique for positively influencing exercise capacity and physical activity in elderly individuals.
吸气肌训练（IMT）已被证明可提高患病群体的运动能力。我们选择研究八周的IMT对老年人运动能力和自发身体活动的影响。18名中度活跃的老年人（68.1±6.8岁[平均值±标准差]；年龄范围58 - 78岁）以双盲方式随机分为实验组（n = 9）或对照组（n = 9）。所有受试者在干预前后均进行了吸气肌测试、跑步机运动测试以及为期四天的自发身体活动测量期（使用加速度计）。实验组使用压力阈值装置进行了八周的递增式IMT，而对照组使用相同装置进行了假训练。经过IMT训练后，吸气肌力量（平均增加21.5 cm H₂O；95%置信区间：9.3，33.7；p = 0.002）、峰值摄氧量（增加2.8 ml·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹；95%置信区间：0.5，5.2；p = 0.022）、固定工作量跑步机测试中的疲劳时间（增加7.1分钟；95%置信区间：1.8，2.4；p = 0.013）以及中度至剧烈身体活动时间（增加59分钟；95%置信区间：15，78；p = 0.008）均有所改善。除了中度至剧烈身体活动有所下降外，对照组未见显著变化。因此，IMT可能是一种对积极影响老年人运动能力和身体活动有用的技术。
