Ackerman Phillip L, Wolman Stacey D
School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
J Exp Psychol Appl. 2007 Jun;13(2):57-78. doi: 10.1037/1076-898X.13.2.57.
How accurate are self-estimates of cognitive abilities? An investigation of self-estimates of verbal, math, and spatial abilities is reported with a battery of parallel objective tests of abilities. Self-estimates were obtained prior to and after objective ability testing (without test feedback) in order to examine whether self-estimates change after direct objective testing experience. Self-estimates showed small to large effect-size correlations with objective tests--larger for math and smaller for verbal. The construct space of self-estimates of abilities was explored in the context of self-concept, self-esteem, self-efficacy, personality, interests, motivational traits, and trait complexes. Self-efficacy and self-esteem variables showed the highest correlations with self-estimates of abilities. In general, trait complexes showed the highest correlations with verbal ability self-estimates and the lowest correlations with math ability self-estimates. Results are discussed in relation to the principle of aggregation, the influences of self-evaluative judgments, and uses for self-estimates of abilities measures.
认知能力的自我评估有多准确？本文报告了一项对语言、数学和空间能力自我评估的调查，采用了一系列平行的能力客观测试。在客观能力测试之前和之后（无测试反馈）获取自我评估，以检验在直接的客观测试体验后自我评估是否会发生变化。自我评估与客观测试显示出小到中等效应量的相关性——数学方面的相关性较大，语言方面的相关性较小。在自我概念、自尊、自我效能、人格、兴趣、动机特质和特质复合体的背景下，探讨了能力自我评估的结构空间。自我效能和自尊变量与能力自我评估的相关性最高。总体而言，特质复合体与语言能力自我评估的相关性最高，与数学能力自我评估的相关性最低。结合聚合原则、自我评估判断的影响以及能力自我评估测量的用途对结果进行了讨论。
