Zhou Wen-hui, Yu Shan-fa
College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450052, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2007 Apr;25(4):220-3.
To explore the relationship between social support and occupational stress.
A cross-sectional survey involving 654 career people from different industries was conducted. Social support, the occupational stressors, personalities, and occupational strain were measured by using Occupational Stress Instrument.
The people from different occupations got different level of social support. Social support scores were significantly positively related to interpersonal relation, responsibility for people, responsibility for thing, advancement and participation, task identity, training adequacy, challenge, autonomy, job satisfaction, mental health, affective ambulance, positive emotion, self-esteem and coping strategy (P<0.05 or P<0.01), negatively to careers, role conflict, role ambiguity, job future ambiguity, negative emotion, depression symptoms, daily life stress and work locus of control scores (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The scores of interpersonal relation, responsibility for people, responsibility for thing, advancement and participation, task identity, training adequacy, challenge, autonomy, job satisfaction, mental health, affective ambulance, positive emotion, self-esteem and coping strategy with sufficient social support were significantly higher than those of deficient social support (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The scores of role conflict, role ambiguity, job future ambiguity, negative emotion, depression symptoms, daily life stress and work locus of control were higher than those of the latter (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Stepwise regression analysis showed that social support was the predictor of depression (R(2)>0.05).
Social support affects occupational stress largely and plays an important role in maintaining mental health of career people. The people from different occupations get different level of social support.
探讨社会支持与职业压力之间的关系。
对654名来自不同行业的职业人士进行横断面调查。采用职业压力量表测量社会支持、职业压力源、人格特质和职业紧张。
不同职业的人获得的社会支持水平不同。社会支持得分与人际关系、对人的责任、对事的责任、晋升与参与、任务完整性、培训充足性、挑战性、自主性、工作满意度、心理健康、情感救助、积极情绪、自尊和应对策略显著正相关（P<0.05或P<0.01），与职业、角色冲突、角色模糊、职业前景模糊、消极情绪、抑郁症状、日常生活压力和工作控制点得分显著负相关（P<0.05或P<0.01）。社会支持充足者的人际关系、对人的责任、对事的责任、晋升与参与、任务完整性、培训充足性、挑战性、自主性、工作满意度、心理健康、情感救助、积极情绪、自尊和应对策略得分显著高于社会支持不足者（P<0.05或P<0.01）。角色冲突、角色模糊、职业前景模糊、消极情绪、抑郁症状、日常生活压力和工作控制点得分高于后者（P<0.05或P<0.01）。逐步回归分析表明社会支持是抑郁的预测因素（R(2)>0.05）。
社会支持对职业压力有很大影响，在维护职业人士心理健康方面发挥重要作用。不同职业的人获得的社会支持水平不同。
