Vidovic M, Hisheh S, Schmitt L H
Institute of Public Health of the Republic of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Ann Hum Biol. 2007 Jan-Feb;34(1):26-33. doi: 10.1080/03014460601054624.
In contemporary western populations, a week commonly involves 5 days of paid work (work days) and two non-working days (weekend). Work days are usually perceived as being more stressful than non-work days and this hypothesis has been tested in several studies, most of which selected subjects with jobs that are perceived to have high stress.
The study measured salivary cortisol and testosterone on a work day and a weekend in a community-based sample of people going about their everyday lives and tested the hypothesis that hormone levels will be higher on a work day.
Slovenian alpine villagers (30 females and 25 males) were sampled without reference to their occupation. Each individual was measured on two occasions, a day on a weekend and a work day as they went about their usual activities in the afternoon.
Cortisol (mean = 3.32 ng ml(-1), range 0.4-27.9) and testosterone (mean = 121 pg ml(-1), range 17-424) values were similar to other populations. Neither the age of subjects nor the time in the afternoon of sample collection were associated with hormone concentrations. On each day of collection, cortisol and testosterone values were correlated for each sex, with the estimate of the correlation coefficient ranging from 0.57 to 0.88. For females, testosterone values were higher on the weekend than the work day (102 pg ml(-1) and 60 pg ml(-1), respectively) but not for males (mean across both days 134 pg ml(-1)). Independent of this effect, the presence of a spouse or other adult in the house was significantly associated with lower testosterone levels in both sexes. Husband and wife testosterone values are correlated on the weekend (r = 0.67, p = 0.02) but not on the work day. Mean cortisol values for the weekend and work day were not different and there was no correlation between levels on these two days.
These results, although based upon a small sample size, reveal potential relationships between testosterone, work-rest activities, and the presence-absence of a social partner that warrant further investigation.
在当代西方人群中，一周通常包括5个工作日和2个非工作日（周末）。工作日通常被认为比非工作日压力更大，这一假设已在多项研究中得到验证，其中大多数研究选择了被认为压力较大的工作的受试者。
本研究测量了以社区为基础的、过着日常生活的人群在工作日和周末的唾液皮质醇和睾酮水平，并检验了激素水平在工作日会更高这一假设。
斯洛文尼亚高山村民（30名女性和25名男性）被抽样，不考虑其职业。每个个体在两个时间段进行测量，一个是周末的一天，另一个是工作日的下午，他们像往常一样进行活动的时候。
皮质醇（平均值 = 3.32 ng/ml，范围0.4 - 27.9）和睾酮（平均值 = 121 pg/ml，范围17 - 424）值与其他人群相似。受试者的年龄和样本采集的下午时间均与激素浓度无关。在采集的每一天，皮质醇和睾酮值在每种性别中都具有相关性，相关系数估计值范围为0.57至0.88。对于女性，睾酮值在周末高于工作日（分别为102 pg/ml和60 pg/ml），但男性并非如此（两天的平均值均为134 pg/ml）。独立于这种影响，家中有配偶或其他成年人与两性较低的睾酮水平显著相关。夫妻的睾酮值在周末具有相关性（r = 0.67，p = 0.02），但在工作日没有相关性。周末和工作日的平均皮质醇值没有差异，且这两天的水平之间没有相关性。
这些结果虽然基于小样本量，但揭示了睾酮、工作 - 休息活动以及社交伙伴的有无之间的潜在关系，值得进一步研究。
