Maddern B R, Campbell T F, Stool S
Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Nemours Children's Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida.
Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 1991 Oct;24(5):1125-40.
Voice disorders are common among children, estimated to range from 6% to 23% in school-aged children. The various causes of voice disorders are presented in this article in addition to a discussion of normal laryngeal voice and development. Also presented are the causes of abnormal voice and brief discussion of a framework for multidisciplinary assessment and treatment of pediatric voice disorder.
嗓音障碍在儿童中很常见,据估计在学龄儿童中的发生率为6%至23%。本文除了讨论正常的喉部嗓音及发育外,还介绍了嗓音障碍的各种病因。同时还介绍了异常嗓音的病因,并简要讨论了儿童嗓音障碍多学科评估与治疗的框架。