Tack Jan
Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2007;21(3):379-91. doi: 10.1016/j.bpg.2007.01.002.
Gastroparesis is often difficult to manage. First of all, exact criteria for making a diagnosis of gastroparesis have not been established, and merely finding delayed gastric emptying does not justify the label. Furthermore, the relationship between symptoms and gastric emptying rate is poor, and the number of therapies with proven efficacy is extremely limited. A number of technical investigations are helpful to establish the anatomy and motor function of the upper gastrointestinal tract. In most cases where gastroparesis can be presumed or established, prokinetic therapy will be tried. A number of agents are available, with variable efficacy and tolerance. Rarely, in case of debilitating refractory symptoms, experimental or invasive therapies can be tried such as injection of botulinum toxin, enteral feeding tube insertion, gastric electrical stimulation or surgery.
胃轻瘫往往难以治疗。首先，尚未确立胃轻瘫的精确诊断标准，仅仅发现胃排空延迟并不能证明该诊断。此外，症状与胃排空率之间的关系并不紧密，且已证实有效的治疗方法数量极为有限。多项技术检查有助于明确上消化道的解剖结构和运动功能。在大多数可推测或确诊胃轻瘫的病例中，会尝试促动力治疗。有多种药物可供使用，其疗效和耐受性各不相同。在极少数情况下，对于严重的难治性症状，可尝试实验性或侵入性治疗，如注射肉毒杆菌毒素、插入肠内喂养管、胃电刺激或手术。
