Tiensoli Luciana Oliveira, Goulart Lúcia Maria Horta de Figueiredo, Resende Luciana Macedo de, Colosimo Enrico Antônio
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Rua Cardeal Stepinac 356, Belo Horizonte, MG 31170-220, Brazil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2007 Jun;23(6):1431-41. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2007000600018.
The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of hearing impairment in children in a public hospital in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, and to investigate the association with risk factors described in the literature. This study was cross-sectional and retrospective and analyzed 798 newborns and infants evaluated in the Universal Neonatal Hearing Screening Program from June 2002 to December 2003. The risk factors established by the Joint Committee on Infant Hearing in 1994 and Azevedo in 1996 were studied, besides prematurity. Prevalence of hearing impairment was 1.8% (15 cases). A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to verify associations between risk factors and hearing impairment, showing a significant statistical association (p < 0.05) between hearing loss and suspicion of hearing loss by relatives, hyperbilirubinemia (serum level requiring exchange transfusion), ototoxic drugs, and low birth weight. A significant prevalence of hearing impairment in neonates and infants was confirmed. Attention should thus be focused on risk factors for hearing impairment, using hearing programs that ensure prevention, early detection, and intervention.
本研究的目的是评估巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州贝洛奥里藏特市一家公立医院儿童听力障碍的患病率，并调查其与文献中所述风险因素的关联。本研究为横断面回顾性研究，分析了2002年6月至2003年12月在通用新生儿听力筛查项目中接受评估的798名新生儿和婴儿。除了早产之外，还研究了1994年婴儿听力联合委员会和1996年阿泽维多确定的风险因素。听力障碍患病率为1.8%（15例）。采用多因素逻辑回归分析来验证风险因素与听力障碍之间的关联，结果显示听力损失与亲属怀疑听力损失、高胆红素血症（血清水平需要换血治疗）、耳毒性药物和低出生体重之间存在显著的统计学关联（p<0.05）。新生儿和婴儿听力障碍的患病率较高得到了证实。因此，应关注听力障碍的风险因素，采用确保预防、早期发现和干预的听力项目。
