Kitchens Michael, Owens Barry M
J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2007 Spring;31(3):153-9. doi: 10.17796/jcpd.31.3.1157l653t8206100.
This study evaluated the effect of carbonated and non-carbonated beverages, bottled and tap water, on the erosive potential of dental enamel with and without fluoride varnish protection.
Beverages used in this study included: Coca Cola Classic, Diet Coke, Gatorade sports drink, Red Bull high-energy drink, Starbucks Frappuccino coffee drink, Dasani water (bottled), and tap water (control). Enamel surfaces were coated with Cavity Shield 5% sodium fluoride treatment varnish. Twenty-eight previously extracted human posterior teeth free of hypocalcification and caries were used in this study. The coronal portion of each tooth was removed and then sectioned transverse from the buccal to lingual surface using a diamond coated saw blade. The crown sections were embedded in acrylic resin blocks leaving the enamel surfaces exposed. The enamel surfaces were polished using 600 to 2000 grit abrasive paper and diamond paste. Test specimens were randomly distributed to seven beverage groups and comprised 4 specimens per group. Two specimens per beverage group were treated with a fluoride varnish while 2 specimens did not receive fluoride coating. Surface roughness (profilometer) readings were performed at baseline (prior to fluoride treatment and immersion in the beverage) and again, following immersion for 14 days (24 hours/day). The test beverages were changed daily and the enamel specimens were immersed at 37 degrees C. Surface roughness data was evaluated using multiple factor ANOVA at a significance level of p<0.05.
Results showed that Coca-Cola Classic, Gatorade and Red Bull with/without fluoride revealed the highest post-treatment surface roughness measurements. Coca-Cola Classic, Diet Coke, Gatorade, and Red Bull all showed significantly higher post treatment readings than StarBucks coffee, Dasani water, and tap water. Fluoride varnish was not a significant impact factor; however, beverage (type) and exposure time were significant impact variables.
Both carbonated and non-carbonated beverages displayed a significant erosive effect on dental enamel; however, fluoride varnish treatments did not demonstrate a significant protective influence on enamel surfaces.
本研究评估了碳酸饮料、非碳酸饮料、瓶装水和自来水在有无氟化物清漆保护的情况下对牙釉质侵蚀潜力的影响。
本研究中使用的饮料包括：可口可乐经典款、健怡可乐、佳得乐运动饮料、红牛能量饮料、星巴克星冰乐咖啡饮料、达萨尼瓶装水和自来水（对照）。牙釉质表面涂有5%氟化钠治疗性保护漆（Cavity Shield）。本研究使用了28颗先前拔除的无钙化不全和龋齿的人类后牙。每颗牙齿的冠部被移除，然后使用金刚石涂层锯片从颊侧到舌侧横向切片。牙冠切片嵌入丙烯酸树脂块中，使牙釉质表面暴露。使用600至2000目砂纸和金刚石膏对牙釉质表面进行抛光。测试样本随机分为七个饮料组，每组包含4个样本。每个饮料组的两个样本用氟化物清漆处理，而另外两个样本不进行氟化物涂层处理。在基线（氟化物处理和浸入饮料之前）以及浸泡14天（每天24小时）后再次进行表面粗糙度（轮廓仪）读数测量。测试饮料每天更换，牙釉质样本在37摄氏度下浸泡。使用多因素方差分析评估表面粗糙度数据，显著性水平为p<0.05。
结果表明，有无氟化物的可口可乐经典款、佳得乐和红牛在处理后的表面粗糙度测量值最高。可口可乐经典款、健怡可乐、佳得乐和红牛在处理后的读数均显著高于星巴克咖啡、达萨尼水和自来水。氟化物清漆不是一个显著的影响因素；然而，饮料（类型）和暴露时间是显著的影响变量。
碳酸饮料和非碳酸饮料对牙釉质均显示出显著的侵蚀作用；然而，氟化物清漆处理对牙釉质表面并未显示出显著的保护作用。
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