Haddad W M, Souied E, Coscas G, Soubrane G
Service Universitaire d'Ophtalmologie de Créteil, Université Paris XII Val-De-Marne.
Bull Soc Belge Ophtalmol. 2006(301):15-22.
The potential impact of macular pigment on the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is currently a major research avenue. The role of oxidative damage in the pathogenesis of AMD has been recently confirmed by the results of a large randomized clinical trial, the AREDS (Age-Related Eye Disease Study). This study has established that high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc might prevent AMD progression and visual acuity loss in a large but determined subset of patients. Macular pigment components (mainly lutein and zeaxanthin) are highly resistant to free radicals. Moreover, extensive data from clinical, epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that lutein and zeaxanthin might protect against the development of AMD. Furthermore, an additional intake of lutein and/or zeaxanthin seems to induce an increase of the density of the macular pigment. However, a careful review of the available data suggest that only future randomized clinical trials will allow to determine the exact role of lutein and zeaxanthin in the prevention of AMD.
黄斑色素对年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）发展的潜在影响目前是一个主要的研究方向。氧化损伤在AMD发病机制中的作用最近已被一项大型随机临床试验——年龄相关性眼病研究（AREDS）的结果所证实。该研究已确定，大剂量补充维生素C、维生素E、β-胡萝卜素和锌可能会防止在很大一部分特定患者中AMD病情进展和视力丧失。黄斑色素成分（主要是叶黄素和玉米黄质）对自由基具有高度抗性。此外，来自临床、流行病学和实验研究的大量数据表明，叶黄素和玉米黄质可能预防AMD的发生。此外，额外摄入叶黄素和/或玉米黄质似乎会使黄斑色素密度增加。然而，对现有数据的仔细审查表明，只有未来的随机临床试验才能确定叶黄素和玉米黄质在预防AMD中的确切作用。
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