McBride P E, Leovy J, Houska R, Greene J E, Meyer D
Department of Family Medicine and Practice, University of Wisconsin-Madison Medical School.
Fam Pract Res J. 1991 Sep;11(3):291-300.
Two hospital-sponsored cholesterol-screening programs were evaluated to assess whether they detected individuals with undiagnosed high blood cholesterol. Surveys asking about prior testing, knowledge of cholesterol level, and participant characteristics were examined to test screening utilization. In both screenings 54% of participants reported having prior cholesterol testing, only 56% of whom knew their cholesterol level. Of previously untested participants, 8% had high blood cholesterol levels and 13% had borderline levels. Only 65% of participants with a personal or family history of heart attack were aware of their cholesterol level. To attract individuals without prior testing, screening planners should consider locations (eg, worksites and schools) and methods (eg, weekend screenings) to target underrepresented groups in community-wide cholesterol screenings. We encourage an increased emphasis on individualized exit education for participants, especially those who know their cholesterol level or have multiple risk factors for vascular disease. Physicians planning public screenings can utilize this data to develop parameters for referrals from the screenings.
对两项由医院发起的胆固醇筛查项目进行了评估,以确定它们是否能检测出未被诊断出患有高胆固醇血症的个体。通过调查询问既往检测情况、对胆固醇水平的了解以及参与者特征,来检验筛查的利用率。在两项筛查中,54%的参与者报告曾进行过胆固醇检测,其中只有56%的人知道自己的胆固醇水平。在之前未接受检测的参与者中,8%患有高胆固醇血症,13%处于临界水平。有心脏病发作个人或家族史的参与者中,只有65%知道自己的胆固醇水平。为了吸引之前未接受检测的个体,筛查规划者应考虑地点(如工作场所和学校)和方法(如周末筛查),以针对社区范围内胆固醇筛查中代表性不足的群体。我们鼓励更加重视为参与者提供个性化的离场教育,尤其是那些知道自己胆固醇水平或有多种血管疾病风险因素的人。计划进行公众筛查的医生可以利用这些数据来制定筛查转诊的参数。