Ball Karlene, Edwards Jerri D, Ross Lesley A
Department of Psychology, Edward R. Roybal Center for Translational Reseach on Aging and Mobility, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2007 Jun;62 Spec No 1:19-31. doi: 10.1093/geronb/62.special_issue_1.19.
We combined data from six studies, all using the same speed of processing training program, to examine the mechanisms of training gain and the impact of training on cognitive and everyday abilities of older adults. Results indicated that training produces immediate improvements across all subtests of the Useful Field of View test, particularly for older adults with initial speed of processing deficits. Age and education had little to no impact on training gain. Participants maintained benefits of training for at least 2 years, which translated to improvements in everyday abilities, including efficient performance of instrumental activities of daily living and safer driving performance.
我们合并了六项研究的数据，所有研究都使用相同的加工速度训练程序，以检验训练收益的机制以及训练对老年人认知能力和日常能力的影响。结果表明，训练能使有用视野测试的所有子测试立即得到改善，尤其是对于初始加工速度存在缺陷的老年人。年龄和教育程度对训练收益几乎没有影响。参与者在至少两年内都保持了训练带来的益处，这转化为日常能力的提升，包括日常生活工具性活动的高效执行和更安全的驾驶表现。
