Ford Judith M, Gray Max, Faustman William O, Roach Brian J, Mathalon Daniel H
Psychiatry Service, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven 06517, and Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicne, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Psychophysiology. 2007 Jul;44(4):522-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2007.00533.x.
During talking, a corollary discharge prepares cortex for self-generated sounds, minimizing responsiveness and providing a way to recognize sounds as self-generated. When we talk, we are the agent producing the sound and know what sound to expect. The auditory ERP N1 is normally suppressed during talking, but less so in schizophrenia, perhaps due to deficits in agency and expectancy inherent to talking. N1 was assessed in 27 patients (23 schizophrenia, 4 schizoaffective) and 26 controls. During talking, subjects said "ah" every 1-2 s. During agency, subjects pressed a button to deliver "ah" every 1-2 s. During expectancy, "ah" followed a visual warning. Talking yielded greatest N1 suppression in controls and greatest suppression failure in patients. Agency and expectancy had modest suppression effects on N1 and only in controls. Group differences in expectancy and agency could not account for failed corollary discharge during talking in patients.
在说话过程中，一种伴随放电会让大脑皮层为自我产生的声音做好准备，将反应性降至最低，并提供一种将声音识别为自我产生的方式。当我们说话时，我们是产生声音的主体，并且知道会听到什么声音。听觉事件相关电位N1在说话时通常会受到抑制，但在精神分裂症患者中抑制程度较小，这可能是由于说话所固有的主体感和预期方面的缺陷所致。对27名患者（23名精神分裂症患者、4名分裂情感性障碍患者）和26名对照者的N1进行了评估。在说话过程中，受试者每1至2秒说一次“啊”。在主体感阶段，受试者每1至2秒按一次按钮发出“啊”的声音。在预期阶段，“啊”的声音在视觉提示后发出。说话时，对照组的N1抑制作用最强，而患者组的抑制作用失败最为明显。主体感和预期对N1只有适度的抑制作用，且仅在对照组中存在。患者在说话时伴随放电失败，无法用预期和主体感方面的组间差异来解释。
