Doran Neal, McChargue Dennis, Spring Bonnie
University of Illinois at Chicago, United States.
Addict Behav. 2008 Jan;33(1):167-72. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2007.05.009. Epub 2007 May 23.
Individuals with high levels of impulsivity are more likely to smoke and may have greater difficulty quitting than other smokers. Although the specific mechanisms mediating this relationship are not explicitly known, one candidate is disproportionate cigarette craving in response to environmental smoking cues. We assessed the effect of impulsivity on three measures of cue reactivity. Regular smokers (n=75) were exposed to a smoking cue and a neutral cue in 2 counterbalanced experimental sessions. Cigarette craving, heart rate (HR), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were used to index cue reactivity. More impulsive smokers exhibited a disproportionate response to the smoking cue in terms of MAP (p=.009) but not HR or craving. Impulsive smokers may experience disproportionate cigarette craving in response to environmental smoking cues that are not reflected in self-report measures due to a relative lack of conscious awareness of the urge to smoke.
冲动性水平高的个体比其他吸烟者更有可能吸烟，而且戒烟可能更困难。尽管介导这种关系的具体机制尚不清楚，但一个可能的因素是对环境吸烟线索做出不成比例的香烟渴望反应。我们评估了冲动性对三种线索反应性测量指标的影响。75名经常吸烟者在两个平衡的实验环节中分别接触吸烟线索和中性线索。使用香烟渴望、心率（HR）和平均动脉压（MAP）来衡量线索反应性。在MAP方面，更冲动的吸烟者对吸烟线索表现出不成比例的反应（p = 0.009），但在HR或渴望方面则没有。由于对吸烟冲动的意识相对缺乏，冲动性吸烟者可能会对环境吸烟线索产生不成比例的香烟渴望反应，而这种反应在自我报告测量中并未体现出来。
