MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2007 Jun 15;56(23):573-6.
Lyme disease is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi and is transmitted to humans by the bite of infected blacklegged ticks (Ixodes spp.). Early manifestations of infection include fever, headache, fatigue, and a characteristic skin rash called erythema migrans. Left untreated, late manifestations involving the joints, heart, and nervous system can occur. A Healthy People 2010 objective (14-8) is to reduce the annual incidence of Lyme disease to 9.7 new cases per 100,000 population in 10 reference states where the disease is endemic (Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Wisconsin). This report summarizes surveillance data for 64,382 Lyme disease cases reported to CDC during 2003-2005, of which 59,770 cases (93%) were reported from the 10 reference states. The average annual rate in these 10 reference states for the 3-year period (29.2 cases per 100,000 population) was approximately three times the Healthy People 2010 target. Persons living in Lyme disease--endemic areas can take steps to reduce their risk for infection, including daily self-examination for ticks, selective use of acaricides and tick repellents, use of landscaping practices that reduce tick populations in yards and play areas, and avoidance of tick-infested areas.
莱姆病由伯氏疏螺旋体引起，通过受感染的黑腿蜱（硬蜱属）叮咬传播给人类。感染的早期表现包括发热、头痛、疲劳以及一种名为游走性红斑的特征性皮疹。若不进行治疗，可能会出现累及关节、心脏和神经系统的晚期表现。“健康人民2010”的一个目标（14 - 8）是将莱姆病的年发病率在该病流行的10个参考州（康涅狄格州、特拉华州、马里兰州、马萨诸塞州、明尼苏达州、新泽西州、纽约州、宾夕法尼亚州、罗德岛州和威斯康星州）降至每10万人口9.7例新发病例。本报告总结了2003 - 2005年期间向疾病控制和预防中心报告的64382例莱姆病病例的监测数据，其中59770例（93%）来自这10个参考州。这10个参考州在这3年期间的年均发病率（每10万人口29.2例）约为“健康人民2010”目标的三倍。生活在莱姆病流行地区的人可以采取措施降低感染风险，包括每天自我检查是否有蜱虫、选择性使用杀螨剂和蜱虫驱避剂、采用减少院子和游乐区蜱虫数量的景观美化措施以及避免前往蜱虫滋生的地区。
