Kahloun Rim, Abroug Nesrine, Ksiaa Imen, Mahmoud Anis, Zeghidi Hatem, Zaouali Sonia, Khairallah Moncef
Department of Ophthalmology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.
Eye Brain. 2015 Sep 28;7:59-81. doi: 10.2147/EB.S69173. eCollection 2015.
Different forms of optic neuropathy causing visual impairment of varying severity have been reported in association with a wide variety of infectious agents. Proper clinical diagnosis of any of these infectious conditions is based on epidemiological data, history, systemic symptoms and signs, and the pattern of ocular findings. Diagnosis is confirmed by serologic testing and polymerase chain reaction in selected cases. Treatment of infectious optic neuropathies involves the use of specific anti-infectious drugs and corticosteroids to suppress the associated inflammatory reaction. The visual prognosis is generally good, but persistent severe vision loss with optic atrophy can occur. This review presents optic neuropathies caused by specific viral, bacterial, parasitic, and fungal diseases.
据报道，多种不同形式的视神经病变会导致严重程度各异的视力损害，这些病变与各种各样的感染因子有关。对任何一种此类感染性疾病进行正确的临床诊断，都基于流行病学数据、病史、全身症状和体征以及眼部检查结果的模式。在特定病例中，通过血清学检测和聚合酶链反应来确诊。感染性视神经病变的治疗包括使用特定的抗感染药物和皮质类固醇来抑制相关的炎症反应。视力预后通常良好，但也可能出现伴有视神经萎缩的持续性严重视力丧失。本综述介绍了由特定病毒、细菌、寄生虫和真菌疾病引起的视神经病变。
