Skulachev V P
Department of Bioenergetics, A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, USSR.
FEBS Lett. 1991 Dec 9;294(3):158-62. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(91)80658-p.
Free fatty acids, natural uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation, are shown to differ from artificial ones in that they fail to increase conductance of phospholipid bilayers which are permeable for the protonated form of fatty acids but impermeable for their anionic form. Recent studies have revealed that uncoupling by fatty acids in mitochondria is mediated by the ATP/ADP antiporter and, in brown fat, by thermogenin which is structurally very similar to the antiporter. It is suggested that both the ATP/ADP antiporter and thermogenin facilitate translocation of the fatty anions through the mitochondrial membrane.
游离脂肪酸作为氧化磷酸化的天然解偶联剂，与人工解偶联剂不同，它们无法增加磷脂双层的电导率。磷脂双层对脂肪酸的质子化形式具有通透性，但对其阴离子形式则不通透。最近的研究表明，线粒体中脂肪酸的解偶联作用是由ATP/ADP反向转运体介导的，而在棕色脂肪中，则是由与反向转运体结构非常相似的产热素介导的。有人提出，ATP/ADP反向转运体和产热素都有助于脂肪酸阴离子通过线粒体膜的转运。
