Pasch Keryn E, Komro Kelli A, Perry Cheryl L, Hearst Mary O, Farbakhsh Kian
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2007 Jul;68(4):587-96. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2007.68.587.
The objectives of this study were to (1) document and describe all outdoor alcohol advertisements surrounding schools and (2) examine the association between exposure to alcohol advertising in sixth grade and youth alcohol use, intentions, norms, and attitudes in eighth grade.
All outdoor alcohol advertisements within 1,500 feet of 63 Chicago school sites were documented and coded for content and theme. Longitudinal mixed-effects regression analysis was used to determine the association between number of alcohol advertisements around a school in sixth grade and student alcohol behaviors, intentions, norms, and attitudes at the end of eighth grade, 2 years later. Participants included 2,586 sixth-grade students in the 2002-2003 school year. The sample was 37% black, 33% Hispanic, and 15% white. Gender was evenly distributed, and the average age was 12.2 at the end of sixth grade.
A total of 931 alcohol advertisements were found within 1,500 feet of the 63 school sites. Exposure to alcohol advertising around schools at the end of sixth grade was found to predict alcohol intentions at the end of eighth grade. This finding held true even for those students who were nonusers of alcohol in sixth grade.
Exposure to outdoor alcohol advertising around schools is associated with subsequent youth intentions to use alcohol. The association between exposure to alcohol advertising and youth alcohol-use intentions was found even among sixth-grade nonusers of alcohol, suggesting that even those who have not used alcohol are still influenced by alcohol advertising. These findings suggest that restrictions in alcohol advertising near schools may be warranted.
本研究的目的是（1）记录并描述学校周边所有户外酒精广告，以及（2）研究六年级接触酒精广告与八年级青少年饮酒行为、意图、规范和态度之间的关联。
记录并编码了芝加哥63所学校周边1500英尺范围内的所有户外酒精广告的内容和主题。采用纵向混合效应回归分析来确定六年级时学校周边酒精广告数量与两年后八年级学生的酒精行为、意图、规范和态度之间的关联。参与者包括2002 - 2003学年的2586名六年级学生。样本中37%为黑人，33%为西班牙裔，15%为白人。性别分布均匀，六年级末的平均年龄为12.2岁。
在63所学校周边1500英尺范围内共发现931则酒精广告。研究发现，六年级末接触学校周边的酒精广告可预测八年级末的饮酒意图。即使对于六年级时不饮酒的学生，这一发现依然成立。
接触学校周边的户外酒精广告与青少年随后的饮酒意图相关。即使在六年级不饮酒的学生中也发现了接触酒精广告与青少年饮酒意图之间的关联，这表明即使是那些尚未饮酒的人仍会受到酒精广告的影响。这些发现表明，对学校附近的酒精广告进行限制可能是有必要的。
