Konefal Adam, Polaczek-Grelik Kinga, Zipper Wiktor
Department of Nuclear Physics and Its Application, Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2008;128(2):133-45. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncm318. Epub 2007 Jun 14.
In this paper, the problem of undesirable photonuclear, electronuclear and neutron capture reactions taking place in the treatment room during emission of the typical high-energy therapeutic beams from two different medical accelerators, i.e. Primus Siemens and Varian Clinac-2300, is presented. The radioisotopes (187)W, (56)Mn, (28)Al, (57)Ni, (38)Cl, (57)Co and (19)Au and the neutron activation of (1)H were identified as a consequence of these reactions. Moreover, the increased photon fluence rate behind the door of the accelerator bunker in the operator console room was observed during emission of the 20 MV X-rays from the Varian Clinac-2300 as well as in the case of the 15 MV X-ray beam from the Primus Siemens. No increased radiation was observed during the 6 MV X-ray beam emission. The performed measurements produced evidences on the presence of neutrons in the operator console room during emission of the 15 MV X-ray beam from the Primus Siemens as well as the 20 MV X-rays and the 22 MeV electrons from the Varian Clinac-2300 accelerator.
本文介绍了在两台不同的医用加速器，即西门子Primus和瓦里安Clinac - 2300发射典型高能治疗束时，治疗室内发生不良光核反应、电子核反应和中子俘获反应的问题。这些反应产生了放射性同位素（187）W、（56）Mn、（28）Al、（57）Ni、（38）Cl、（57）Co和（19）Au以及（1）H的中子活化。此外，在瓦里安Clinac - 2300发射20 MV X射线时以及西门子Primus发射15 MV X射线束时，观察到加速器掩体门后操作控制台室内的光子注量率增加。在发射6 MV X射线束时未观察到辐射增加。所进行的测量证明，在西门子Primus发射15 MV X射线束以及瓦里安Clinac - 2300加速器发射20 MV X射线和22 MeV电子时，操作控制台室内存在中子。
