Juutilainen Jukka, Heikkinen Päivi, Soikkeli Harri, Mäki-Paakkanen Jorma
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland.
Int J Radiat Biol. 2007 Apr;83(4):213-20. doi: 10.1080/09553000601169800.
The aim of the study was to investigate genotoxicity of long-term exposure to radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields by measuring micronuclei in erythrocytes. The blood samples were collected in two animal studies evaluating possible cocarcinogenic effects of RF fields.
In study A, female CBA/S mice were exposed for 78 weeks (1.5 h/d, 5 d/week) to either a continuous 902.5 MHz signal similar to that emitted by analog NMT (Nordic Mobile Telephone) phones at a whole-body specific absorption rate (SAR) of 1.5 W/kg, or to a pulsed 902.4 MHz signal similar to that of digital GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) phones at 0.35 W/kg. A third group was sham-exposed, and a fourth group served as cage controls. All but the cage control animals were exposed to 4 Gy of x-rays during three first weeks of the experiment. In study B, female transgenic mice (line K2) and their nontransgenic littermates were exposed for 52 weeks (1.5 h/d, 5 d/week). Two digital mobile phone signals, GSM and DAMPS (Digital Advanced Mobile Phone System), were used at 0.5 W/kg. All but the cage-control animals were exposed 3 times per week to an ultraviolet radiation dose of 1.2 MED (minimum erythema dose).
The results did not show any effects of RF fields on micronucleus frequency in polychromatic or normochromatic erythrocytes. The results were consistent in two mouse strains (and in a transgenic variant of the second strain), after 52 or 78 weeks of exposure, at three SAR levels relevant to human exposure from mobile phones, and for three different mobile signals.
本研究旨在通过测量红细胞中的微核来调查长期暴露于射频（RF）电磁场的遗传毒性。在两项评估射频场可能的促癌作用的动物研究中采集了血样。
在研究A中，雌性CBA/S小鼠连续78周（每天1.5小时，每周5天）暴露于类似于模拟北欧移动电话（NMT）手机发射的902.5 MHz连续信号，全身比吸收率（SAR）为1.5 W/kg，或暴露于类似于数字全球移动通信系统（GSM）手机的902.4 MHz脉冲信号，SAR为0.35 W/kg。第三组为假暴露组，第四组为笼养对照组。除笼养对照动物外，所有动物在实验的前三周接受4 Gy的X射线照射。在研究B中，雌性转基因小鼠（K2系）及其非转基因同窝小鼠连续52周（每天1.5小时，每周5天）暴露。使用两种数字移动电话信号，GSM和数字高级移动电话系统（DAMPS），SAR为0.5 W/kg。除笼养对照动物外，所有动物每周接受3次1.2 MED（最小红斑剂量）的紫外线辐射。
结果未显示射频场对多色或正色红细胞微核频率有任何影响。在两种小鼠品系（以及第二种品系的转基因变体）中，在暴露52周或78周后，在与手机对人类暴露相关的三个SAR水平下，以及对于三种不同的移动信号，结果都是一致的。
