Akerstedt Torbjörn, Kecklund Göran, Gillberg Mats
Karolinska Institutet, Institute for Psychosocial Medicine Box 230, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Physiol Behav. 2007 Sep 10;92(1-2):250-5. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.05.044. Epub 2007 May 21.
Sleep is an important factor in relation to accidents, long-term health and mortality. Our group has had a long-term commitment to research on sleep regulation and its consequences. Over the years we have demonstrated pronounced effects of night work on sleep and alertness, including electroencephalographically determined sleep during work. We have also demonstrated that experimental displacement of sleep will result in short sleep at daytime and increased physiological sleepiness at night and developed mathematical models for prediction of sleep duration, as well as of sleepiness and risk of sleep-related accidents. We have also looked at the concept of sleep quality and found it dependent on sleep duration, sleep continuity and content of sleep stages 3 and 4. Sleep is also clearly disturbed in patients on long-term sick leave for burnout or in non-patients with high burnout scores, in particular sleep fragmentation is increased and sleep efficiency and sleep stages 3 and 4 (SWS--deep sleep) decreased. The fragmentation in turn seems related to endocrine changes. Present work is focused on bringing this work together, connecting the links from stress to sleep to metabolic changes to disease and long-term sickness absence.
睡眠是与事故、长期健康及死亡率相关的一个重要因素。我们团队长期致力于睡眠调节及其影响的研究。多年来，我们已证明夜班工作对睡眠和警觉性有显著影响，包括工作期间通过脑电图测定的睡眠情况。我们还证明，睡眠的实验性移位会导致白天睡眠时间缩短以及夜间生理困倦感增加，并开发了用于预测睡眠时间、困倦感及与睡眠相关事故风险的数学模型。我们也研究了睡眠质量的概念，发现它取决于睡眠时间、睡眠连续性以及3期和4期睡眠的内容。长期因倦怠而休病假的患者或倦怠评分高的非患者的睡眠也明显受到干扰，尤其是睡眠碎片化增加，睡眠效率以及3期和4期睡眠（慢波睡眠——深度睡眠）减少。这种碎片化反过来似乎与内分泌变化有关。目前的工作重点是将这些研究整合起来，打通从压力到睡眠、再到代谢变化、疾病及长期病假的联系。
