Whalen D H
Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT 06511-6695.
Percept Psychophys. 1991 Oct;50(4):351-60. doi: 10.3758/bf03212227.
The place of phonetic analysis in the perception of words is unclear. While some theories assume fully specified phonemic strings as input, other theories assume that little analysis occurs. An earlier experiment by Streeter and Nigro (1979) produced evidence, based on auditorily presented words with misleading acoustic cues, that lexical decisions were based on mostly unanalyzed patterns, since word judgments were delayed by misleading information whereas nonword judgments were not. The present studies expand that work to a different set of cues, and to cases in which the overriding cue came first. An additional task, auditory naming, was used to examine the effects when the decision stage is less demanding. For the lexical decision task, misleading information slowed the responses, for both words and nonwords. In the auditory naming task, only the slower responses were affected. These results suggest that phonetic conflicts are resolved prior to lexical access.
语音分析在单词感知中的作用尚不清楚。一些理论认为输入的是完全确定的音素串，而另一些理论则认为几乎没有进行分析。斯特里特和尼格罗（1979年）早期的一项实验提供了证据，该实验基于带有误导性声学线索的听觉呈现单词，表明词汇判断主要基于未分析的模式，因为单词判断会因误导性信息而延迟，而非单词判断则不会。本研究将该工作扩展到另一组线索，以及首要线索先出现的情况。还使用了一项额外任务，即听觉命名，以检验当决策阶段要求较低时的影响。对于词汇判断任务，误导性信息减慢了单词和非单词的反应速度。在听觉命名任务中，只有较慢的反应受到影响。这些结果表明，语音冲突在词汇通达之前就得到了解决。
