Antshel Kevin M, Faraone Stephen V, Stallone Kimberly, Nave Andrea, Kaufmann Felice A, Doyle Alysa, Fried Ronna, Seidman Larry, Biederman Joseph
State University of New York - Upstate Medical University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, NY, USA.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2007 Jul;48(7):687-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01735.x.
The aim of this study was to assess the validity of diagnosing attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in high IQ children and to further characterize the clinical features associated with their ADHD.
We operationalized giftedness/high IQ as having a full scale IQ >/=120. We identified 92 children with a high IQ who did not have ADHD and 49 children with a high IQ that met diagnostic criteria for ADHD who had participated in the Massachusetts General Hospital Longitudinal Family Studies of ADHD.
Of our participants with ADHD and a high IQ, the majority (n = 35) met criteria for the Combined subtype. Relative to control participants, children with ADHD and high IQ had a higher prevalence rate of familial ADHD in first-degree relatives, repeated grades more often, had a poorer performance on the WISC-III Block Design, had more comorbid psychopathology, and had more functional impairments across a number of domains.
Children with a high IQ and ADHD showed a pattern of familiality as well as cognitive, psychiatric and behavioral features consistent with the diagnosis of ADHD in children with average IQ. These data suggest that the diagnosis of ADHD is valid among high IQ children.
本研究旨在评估在高智商儿童中诊断注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）的有效性，并进一步描述与他们的ADHD相关的临床特征。
我们将天赋/高智商定义为全量表智商≥120。我们确定了92名没有ADHD的高智商儿童和49名符合ADHD诊断标准的高智商儿童，这些儿童参与了麻省总医院ADHD纵向家庭研究。
在我们患有ADHD且智商高的参与者中，大多数（n = 35）符合混合型亚型标准。与对照参与者相比，患有ADHD且智商高的儿童在一级亲属中患家族性ADHD的患病率更高，留级更频繁，在韦氏儿童智力量表第三版积木设计测试中表现更差，有更多共病精神病理学问题，并且在多个领域有更多功能损害。
高智商且患有ADHD的儿童表现出家族聚集模式以及与平均智商儿童ADHD诊断一致的认知、精神和行为特征。这些数据表明ADHD的诊断在高智商儿童中是有效的。
