Kalbande D M, Dhadse Sharda N, Chaudhari P R, Wate S R
Environmental Impact and Risk Assessment Division, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nahru Marg, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440020, India.
Environ Monit Assess. 2008 Mar;138(1-3):233-8. doi: 10.1007/s10661-007-9793-0. Epub 2007 Jun 26.
Abstract Industrial development and consumption of petroleum products leads to increase air pollution levels especially in urban and industrial areas. Heavy metal components associated with air pollutants have far reaching effects with respect to economic and ecological importance of pollens. The pollens are male reproductive organs of the plant and travel through air from flower to flower for pollination purpose. During this period they are exposed to air pollutants. Present investigation thus pertains to study of effect of air pollutants on pollens especially biosorption and bioaccumulation of heavy metals. The pollens of three commonly occurring plants namely Cassia siamea, Cyperus rotundus, Kigelia pinnata have been studied from the NH-6 of Nagpur city, India. The pollens exposed to polluted air showed the presence of higher concentrations of Ca, Al and Fe as compared to unexposed pollens. Higher concentration of these metals was observed in Cyperus rotundus followed by Cassia siamea and Kigelia pinnata. These results indicate that pollens act as good indicator of air pollution giving results in short time of exposure of 5-10 h. Apart from this, it is also reported that some of these metals play crucial role in the metabolic activity in pollens for example Calcium is necessary for growth of pollen tube and other metabolic activities in pollens. The presence of these metals in pollens may also enhance the allergenicity of the pollens. Similarly accumulation of heavy metals may also deteriorate the quality of pollen for their economical use. The viability of pollen is also affected by these pollutants in sensitive species leading to impairment of their fertility.
摘要 工业发展和石油产品的消费导致空气污染水平上升，尤其是在城市和工业区。与空气污染物相关的重金属成分对花粉的经济和生态重要性有着深远影响。花粉是植物的雄性生殖器官，为了授粉目的通过空气从一朵花传播到另一朵花。在此期间，它们会接触到空气污染物。因此，目前的研究涉及空气污染物对花粉的影响，特别是重金属的生物吸附和生物积累。对印度那格浦尔市NH-6公路沿线三种常见植物（暹罗决明、香附子、吊灯树）的花粉进行了研究。与未接触污染空气的花粉相比，接触污染空气的花粉中钙、铝和铁的浓度更高。在香附子中观察到这些金属的浓度更高，其次是暹罗决明和吊灯树。这些结果表明，花粉是空气污染的良好指标，在5-10小时的短时间暴露下就能得出结果。除此之外，还报道了其中一些金属在花粉的代谢活动中起关键作用，例如钙是花粉管生长和花粉其他代谢活动所必需的。这些金属在花粉中的存在也可能增强花粉的致敏性。同样，重金属的积累也可能降低花粉用于经济用途的质量。在敏感物种中，花粉的活力也受到这些污染物的影响，导致其繁殖力受损。
