Brustad M, Parr C L, Melhus M, Lund E
Centre for Sámi Health Research, Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
Public Health Nutr. 2008 Feb;11(2):168-75. doi: 10.1017/S1368980007000432. Epub 2007 Jul 5.
The purpose of this work was to identify dietary patterns in the past using cluster analysis of reported diet in childhood, and to assess predictors for dietary patterns in relation to ethnicity in the population in the Sámi core areas in Norway. The Sámis are an indigenous population living in the border areas of Norway, Sweden, Finland and Russia.
Population-based, cross-sectional study, using self-administered questionnaires. A food-frequency questionnaire covering selected food items eaten in childhood was used. The questionnaire also provided data on ethnicity.
This study was based on data collected from 7614 subjects participating in The Population Based Study of Health and Living Conditions in Areas with a Mixed Sámi and Norwegian Population (the SAMINOR study) who grew up in the SAMINOR geographical areas, i.e. areas with mixed Sámi and Norwegian populations in Norway.
Four dietary clusters were identified: a reindeer meat cluster; a cluster with high intakes of fish, traditional fish products and mutton, in addition to food sources from the local environment; a Westernised food cluster with high intakes of meat balls and sausages; and a cluster with a high intake of fish, but not any other foods in the questionnaire. The cluster distribution differed by ethnicity, but the effect of ethnicity on diet differed by coastal and inland residence.
Our study has shown that data gathered through the limited questionnaire could be used to group the study sample into different dietary clusters, which we believe will be useful for further research on relationships between diet in childhood and health in the Sámi core areas in Norway.
本研究旨在通过对童年时期报告的饮食进行聚类分析来确定过去的饮食模式，并评估挪威萨米核心地区人群中与种族相关的饮食模式预测因素。萨米人是生活在挪威、瑞典、芬兰和俄罗斯边境地区的原住民。
基于人群的横断面研究，采用自填式问卷。使用了一份涵盖童年时期食用的选定食物项目的食物频率问卷。该问卷还提供了种族数据。
本研究基于从7614名参与萨米和挪威混合人口地区健康与生活条件人群研究（SAMINOR研究）的对象收集的数据，这些对象在SAMINOR地理区域长大，即挪威萨米和挪威混合人口的地区。
确定了四个饮食聚类：一个驯鹿肉聚类；一个除了当地环境中的食物来源外，鱼类、传统鱼类产品和羊肉摄入量高的聚类；一个肉丸和香肠摄入量高的西方化食物聚类；以及一个鱼类摄入量高但问卷中没有其他任何食物的聚类。聚类分布因种族而异，但种族对饮食的影响因沿海和内陆居住地区而异。
我们的研究表明，通过有限的问卷收集的数据可用于将研究样本分组为不同的饮食聚类，我们认为这将有助于进一步研究挪威萨米核心地区童年饮食与健康之间的关系。
