早期绝经与吸烟、咖啡饮用及其他生活方式因素的关联：一项横断面研究。
Early menopause, association with tobacco smoking, coffee consumption and other lifestyle factors: a cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Mikkelsen Thea F, Graff-Iversen Sidsel, Sundby Johanne, Bjertness Espen
机构信息
Institute of General Practice and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2007 Jul 7;7:149. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-7-149.
BACKGROUND
Early onset of menopause is a risk factor for several health problems. The objective was primarily to investigate the association between early menopause and current, past active and passive smoking. A second aim was to investigate the association between coffee and alcohol consumption and early menopause.
METHODS
The present population-based cross-sectional study included a sub-sample of 2123 postmenopausal women born in 1940-41 who participated in the Oslo Health Study. Early menopause was defined as menopause occurring at an age of less than 45 years. We applied logistic regression analyses (crude and adjusted odds ratio (OR)) to examine the association between early menopause and selected lifestyle factors.
RESULTS
Current smoking was significantly associated with early menopause (adj. OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.11-2.28). Stopping smoking more than 10 years before menopause considerably reduced the risk of early menopause (adj. OR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.05-0.33). Total exposure to smoking (the product of number of cigarettes per day and time as a smoker) was positively related to early menopause and, at the highest doses, nearly doubled the odds (adj. OR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.12-3.30). These data suggest a possible dose-response relationship between total exposure to smoking and early menopause, but no dose-response relationship was detected for the other variables examined. We found no significant association of coffee or alcohol consumption with early menopause. Of the lifestyle factors tested, high educational level (adj. OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.34-0.72) and high social participation (adj. OR, 0.60, 95% CI, 0.39-0.98) were negatively associated with early menopause.
CONCLUSION
This cross-sectional study shows an association between current smoking and early menopause. The data also suggest that the earlier a woman stops smoking the more protected she is from early menopause. Early menopause was not significantly associated with passive smoking, or alcohol or coffee consumption.
背景
早发性绝经是多种健康问题的危险因素。主要目的是研究早发性绝经与当前、过去的主动吸烟和被动吸烟之间的关联。第二个目的是研究咖啡和酒精消费与早发性绝经之间的关联。
方法
本基于人群的横断面研究纳入了2123名出生于1940 - 1941年且参与奥斯陆健康研究的绝经后女性子样本。早发性绝经定义为在45岁之前发生的绝经。我们应用逻辑回归分析（粗比值比和调整后比值比（OR））来检验早发性绝经与选定生活方式因素之间的关联。
结果
当前吸烟与早发性绝经显著相关（调整后OR，1.59；95%可信区间，1.11 - 2.28）。在绝经前10年以上戒烟可显著降低早发性绝经的风险（调整后OR，0.13；95%可信区间，0.05 - 0.33）。吸烟总暴露量（每日吸烟支数与吸烟时间的乘积）与早发性绝经呈正相关，在最高剂量时，几率几乎翻倍（调整后OR，1.93；95%可信区间，1.12 - 3.30）。这些数据表明吸烟总暴露量与早发性绝经之间可能存在剂量反应关系，但在所研究的其他变量中未检测到剂量反应关系。我们发现咖啡或酒精消费与早发性绝经无显著关联。在所测试的生活方式因素中，高教育水平（调整后OR，0.50；95%可信区间，0.34 - 0.72）和高社会参与度（调整后OR，0.60，95%可信区间，0.39 - 0.98）与早发性绝经呈负相关。
结论
这项横断面研究表明当前吸烟与早发性绝经之间存在关联。数据还表明女性戒烟越早，她受早发性绝经影响的可能性就越小。早发性绝经与被动吸烟、酒精或咖啡消费无显著关联。
Zotero 插件