Barber Lisa G
Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, 200 Westboro Road, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2007 Jul;37(4):755-73, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2007.03.008.
The clinical presentation and biologic behavior of thyroid tumors vary widely among dogs, cats, and human beings. Although thyroid tumors in dogs are rare, they are most likely to be malignant. Clinical signs are usually the result of impingement on surrounding structures, and clinical hyperthyroidism is rare. In contrast, hyperthyroidism resulting from benign thyroid proliferation is relatively common among older cats. Malignant tumors are extremely uncommon but have high metastatic potential. Irrespective of the tumor's ability to produce functional thyroid hormone, scintigraphy is often helpful in the diagnosis and staging of thyroid tumors in all three species. Treatment with surgery is a reasonable treatment option for noninvasive tumors. Iodine 131 is a well-established treatment for thyroid nodules in cats, but its effectiveness in dogs is controversial. In dogs, external beam radiation therapy has produced more consistent results in affording local tumor control when surgery is not possible.
甲状腺肿瘤在犬、猫和人类中的临床表现及生物学行为差异很大。虽然犬的甲状腺肿瘤很少见，但最有可能是恶性的。临床症状通常是周围结构受压迫的结果，临床甲状腺功能亢进很少见。相比之下，良性甲状腺增生导致的甲状腺功能亢进在老年猫中相对常见。恶性肿瘤极为罕见，但具有较高的转移潜能。无论肿瘤产生功能性甲状腺激素的能力如何，闪烁扫描术通常有助于这三种动物甲状腺肿瘤的诊断和分期。手术治疗是无创性肿瘤的合理治疗选择。碘131是猫甲状腺结节的成熟治疗方法，但其对犬的有效性存在争议。在犬中，当无法进行手术时，外照射放疗在实现局部肿瘤控制方面产生了更一致的效果。
