Liptak Julius M
Alta Vista Animal Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Compend Contin Educ Vet. 2009 Sep;31(9):E1-12; quiz E13.
The surgical treatment of neoplasms is one of the most common procedures performed in small animal practice. The proper approach to surgical oncology requires a knowledge of tumor types and their biologic behavior, different treatment modalities, and prognosis. A thorough physical examination is required to determine the presence and extent of a tumor, evaluate regional lymph nodes, and identify comorbid or paraneoplastic conditions that may influence anesthetic and surgical management. Various imaging modalities can be used for clinical staging to determine the location, size, and extent of a local tumor, as well as the presence of regional and distant metastasis. Biopsy of the tumor is often necessary to identify tumor type. Fine-needle aspiration, needle-core biopsy, incisional biopsy, or excisional biopsy may be used. The results of clinical staging tests and tumor biopsy are then used to ascertain treatment options and prognosis.
肿瘤的外科治疗是小动物临床实践中最常见的手术操作之一。正确的外科肿瘤学治疗方法需要了解肿瘤类型及其生物学行为、不同的治疗方式和预后。需要进行全面的体格检查，以确定肿瘤的存在和范围、评估区域淋巴结，并识别可能影响麻醉和手术管理的合并症或副肿瘤性疾病。各种成像方式可用于临床分期，以确定局部肿瘤的位置、大小和范围，以及区域和远处转移的存在。通常需要对肿瘤进行活检以确定肿瘤类型。可采用细针穿刺抽吸、针芯活检、切开活检或切除活检。然后，临床分期检查和肿瘤活检的结果用于确定治疗方案和预后。
