Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
Occup Environ Med. 2007 Dec;64(12):820-6. doi: 10.1136/oem.2006.031559. Epub 2007 Jul 11.
There are a number of reports linking magnetic field exposure to increased risks of Alzheimer's disease and motor neuron disease.
The mortality experienced by a cohort of 83 997 employees of the former Central Electricity Generating Board of England and Wales was investigated for the period 1973-2004. All employees were employed for at least six months with some employment in the period 1973-82. Computerised work histories were available for 79 972 study subjects for the period 1971-93. Information on job and facility (location) were used to estimate exposures to magnetic fields. Two analytical approaches were used to evaluate risks, indirect standardisation (n = 83 997) and Poisson regression (n = 79 972).
Based on serial mortality rates for England and Wales, deaths from Alzheimer's disease and motor neuron disease were unexceptional. There was an excess of deaths from Parkinson's disease of borderline significance. No statistically significant trends were shown for risks of any of these diseases to increase with lifetime cumulative exposure to magnetic fields (RR per 10 μT-y: Alzheimer's disease 1.10 (95% CI 0.90 to 1.33); motor neuron disease 1.06 (95% CI 0.86 to 1.32); Parkinson's disease 0.88 (95% CI 0.74 to 1.05))
There is no convincing evidence that UK electricity generation and transmission workers have suffered increased risks from neurodegenerative diseases as a consequence of exposure to magnetic fields.
有许多报告将磁场暴露与阿尔茨海默病和运动神经元病的风险增加联系起来。
调查了英格兰和威尔士前中央电力发电委员会的 83997 名员工的死亡率,时间为 1973 年至 2004 年。所有员工的工作时间至少为六个月,其中一些员工在 1973 年至 1982 年期间工作过。对于 79972 名研究对象,可获得 1971 年至 1993 年期间的计算机化工作历史记录。使用工作和设施(位置)信息来估算磁场暴露情况。使用间接标准化(n=83997)和泊松回归(n=79972)两种分析方法评估风险。
基于英格兰和威尔士的连续死亡率,阿尔茨海默病和运动神经元病的死亡人数并不罕见。帕金森病的死亡人数略多,但无统计学意义。没有显示出任何这些疾病的风险随着一生中累积暴露于磁场而增加的趋势(每 10μT-y 的 RR:阿尔茨海默病 1.10(95%CI 0.90 至 1.33);运动神经元病 1.06(95%CI 0.86 至 1.32);帕金森病 0.88(95%CI 0.74 至 1.05))。
没有令人信服的证据表明英国发电和输电工人因暴露于磁场而导致神经退行性疾病的风险增加。