1971 - 2003年澳大利亚儿童上学方式的趋势：消耗汽油还是碳水化合物？
Trends in Australian children traveling to school 1971-2003: burning petrol or carbohydrates?
作者信息
van der Ploeg Hidde P, Merom Dafna, Corpuz Grace, Bauman Adrian E
机构信息
Centre for Physical Activity and Health, Level 2, Medical Foundation Building (K25), School of Public Health, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
出版信息
Prev Med. 2008 Jan;46(1):60-2. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.06.002. Epub 2007 Jun 7.
OBJECTIVE
To determine how Australian children traveled to and from school between 1971 and 2003.
METHODS
The 1971 (n=4284), 1981 (n=4936), 1991 (n=662) and 1999-2003 (n=816) Household Travel Surveys from the New South Wales Government Department of Planning were used to determine the mode of transport kids (5-14 years) took to and from school in the area of Sydney (Australia).
RESULTS
The results showed that the percentage of children aged 5-9 that walked to school was 57.7, 44.5, 35.3 and 25.5 in 1971, 1981, 1991 and 1999-2003, respectively. The percentage of children aged 5-9 that were driven to school by car in the four surveys was 22.8, 37.3, 53.9 and 66.6, respectively. The results for children aged 10-14 were similar, walking decreased from 44.2% to 21.1% and car use increased from 12.2% to 47.8% over the study period. Similar results were found for travel from school and there were no major differences between boys and girls.
CONCLUSION
Between 1971 and 2003, Australian children's mode of travel to and from school has markedly shifted from active (walking) to inactive (car) modes.
目的
确定1971年至2003年间澳大利亚儿童往返学校的出行方式。
方法
使用新南威尔士州政府规划部的1971年（n = 4284）、1981年（n = 4936）、1991年（n = 662）以及1999 - 2003年（n = 816）家庭出行调查数据，以确定悉尼地区（澳大利亚）5至14岁儿童往返学校所采用的交通方式。
结果
结果显示，在1971年、1981年、1991年以及1999 - 2003年，5至9岁步行上学的儿童比例分别为57.7%、44.5%、35.3%和25.5%。在这四项调查中，5至9岁乘车上学的儿童比例分别为22.8%、37.3%、53.9%和66.6%。10至14岁儿童的结果类似，在研究期间，步行比例从44.2%降至21.1%，而乘车比例从12.2%增至47.8%。放学出行也有类似结果发现，且男孩和女孩之间没有重大差异。
结论
在1971年至2003年间，澳大利亚儿童往返学校的出行方式已显著从主动（步行）模式转变为非主动（乘车）模式。
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