老年人的带状疱疹及带状疱疹后神经痛
Herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia in older adults.
作者信息
Schmader Kenneth
机构信息
Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development and Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3469, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
出版信息
Clin Geriatr Med. 2007 Aug;23(3):615-32, vii-viii. doi: 10.1016/j.cger.2007.03.003.
Abstract
Herpes zoster (HZ) afflicts millions of older adults annually and causes significant suffering from acute and chronic pain, or postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). HZ is caused by the reactivation of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in sensory ganglia in the setting of age, disease, and drug-related decline in cellular immunity. VZV-induced neuronal destruction and inflammation cause the pain, interference with activities of daily living, and reduced quality of life. The optimal treatment of HZ requires early antiviral therapy and pain management. For PHN, evidence-based pharmacotherapy can reduce pain burden. The zoster vaccine is effective in reducing pain burden and preventing HZ and PHN in older adults.
摘要
带状疱疹（HZ）每年折磨着数百万老年人，并导致急性和慢性疼痛，即带状疱疹后神经痛（PHN），带来巨大痛苦。HZ是由水痘-带状疱疹病毒（VZV）在感觉神经节中重新激活引起的，这发生在因年龄、疾病和药物导致细胞免疫功能下降的情况下。VZV诱导的神经元破坏和炎症导致疼痛、干扰日常生活活动并降低生活质量。HZ的最佳治疗需要早期抗病毒治疗和疼痛管理。对于PHN，循证药物治疗可以减轻疼痛负担。带状疱疹疫苗在减轻老年人的疼痛负担以及预防HZ和PHN方面有效。
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