Etter Jean-François
Institute of social and preventive medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva 4, Switzerland.
BMC Public Health. 2007 Jul 17;7:159. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-7-159.
Addiction to nicotine gum has never been described in never smokers or in never users of tobacco.
Internet questionnaire in 2004-2006 in a self-selected sample of 434 daily users of nicotine gum. To assess dependence on nicotine gum, we used modified versions of the Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale (NDSS), the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence and the Cigarette Dependence Scale.
Five never smokers used the nicotine gum daily. They had been using the nicotine gum for longer than the 429 ever smokers (median = 6 years vs 0.8 years, p = 0.004), and they had higher NDSS-gum Tolerance scores (median = 0.73 vs = -1.0, p = 0.03), a difference of 1.5 standard deviation units. Two never smokers had never used smokeless tobacco, both answered "extremely true" to: "I use nicotine gums because I am addicted to them", both "fully agreed" with: "after a few hours without chewing a nicotine gum, I feel an irresistible urge to chew one" and: "I am a prisoner of nicotine gum".
This is to our knowledge the first report of addiction to nicotine gum in never users of tobacco. However, this phenomenon is rare, and although the long-term effect of nicotine gum is unknown, this product is significantly less harmful than tobacco.
从未吸烟者或从未使用过烟草者对尼古丁口香糖成瘾的情况此前从未有过描述。
2004年至2006年，对434名每日使用尼古丁口香糖的自我选择样本进行了网络问卷调查。为评估对尼古丁口香糖的依赖程度，我们使用了尼古丁依赖综合征量表（NDSS）、法格斯特罗姆尼古丁依赖测试和香烟依赖量表的修订版。
5名从未吸烟者每天使用尼古丁口香糖。他们使用尼古丁口香糖的时间比429名曾经吸烟者更长（中位数分别为6年和0.8年，p = 0.004），并且他们的NDSS-口香糖耐受性得分更高（中位数分别为0.73和 -1.0，p = 0.03），相差1.5个标准差单位。两名从未吸烟者从未使用过无烟烟草，两人都对“我使用尼古丁口香糖是因为我对它们上瘾”回答“非常正确”，两人都“完全同意”“在几个小时不咀嚼尼古丁口香糖后，我会感到有一种无法抗拒的冲动想要咀嚼一块”以及“我是尼古丁口香糖的囚徒”。
据我们所知，这是首次报道从未使用过烟草者对尼古丁口香糖成瘾的情况。然而，这种现象很罕见，尽管尼古丁口香糖的长期影响尚不清楚，但该产品的危害明显小于烟草。
