Etter Jean-François
Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
Addict Behav. 2009 Mar;34(3):246-51. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.10.018. Epub 2008 Nov 1.
We conducted an Internet survey in 2004-2007 in 526 daily users of the nicotine gum, to assess use of, and dependence on the nicotine gum in former smokers. We used modified versions of the Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale (NDSS-G), the Cigarette Dependence Scale (CDS-G) and the Fagerström Test (FTND-G). After 30 days, 155 participants (29%) indicated their gum use. Higher dependence on the gum predicted a lower chance of stopping using it at follow-up (odds ratio=0.36 for each standard deviation unit on CDS-G, p=0.001). More long-term (>3 months) than short-term (< or =3 months) users of the gum agreed with: "I use the nicotine gum because I am addicted to it" (83% vs. 7%, p<.001), and fewer long-term users reported that they used the gum to avoid relapsing to smoking (42% vs. 92%, p<.001). Long-term users had higher ratings of dependence on the gum than short-term users, as assessed with NDSS-Gum, CDS-Gum and FTND-Gum (all p<.001). Most long-term users reported symptoms of dependence on the nicotine gum. Lower levels of dependence on the gum predicted cessation of gum use. However, long term use of the nicotine gum has no known serious adverse consequence, and may be beneficial if it prevents late relapse.
2004年至2007年，我们对526名尼古丁口香糖的日常使用者进行了一项网络调查，以评估既往吸烟者对尼古丁口香糖的使用情况及依赖程度。我们使用了尼古丁依赖综合征量表（NDSS-G）、香烟依赖量表（CDS-G）和法格斯特罗姆测试（FTND-G）的修订版。30天后，155名参与者（29%）表明了他们对口香糖的使用情况。对口香糖的更高依赖预示着随访时停止使用它的可能性更低（CDS-G上每个标准差单位的比值比=0.36，p=0.001）。与短期（≤3个月）使用者相比，更多长期（>3个月）使用口香糖的人认同：“我使用尼古丁口香糖是因为我对它上瘾”（83%对7%，p<0.001），且更少长期使用者报告他们使用口香糖是为了避免复吸（42%对92%，p<0.001）。使用NDSS-Gum、CDS-Gum和FTND-Gum评估发现，长期使用者对口香糖的依赖评分高于短期使用者（所有p<0.001）。大多数长期使用者报告有对尼古丁口香糖的依赖症状。对口香糖的较低依赖程度预示着停止使用口香糖。然而，尼古丁口香糖的长期使用尚无已知的严重不良后果，并且如果它能预防后期复吸可能是有益的。
